Medicinal cannabis derivatives in the treatment of children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy assisted in a reference center in Uruguay between 2021-2024: Usage profile, benefits and risks
Derivados de cannabis medicinal en el tratamiento de niños, niñas y adolescentes con epilepsia refractaria asistidos en un centro de referencia de Uruguay, entre 2021-2024: Perfil de uso, beneficios y riesgos
Derivados medicinais da cannabis no tratamento de crianças e adolescentes com epilepsia refratária atendidos em um centro de referência no Uruguai entre 2021-2024: Perfil de uso, benefícios e riscos
Resumen:
Introduction: there is evidence of the use of medicinal cannabis derivatives (DCM) as a therapeutic alternative for Refractory Epilepsy (RE). Objectives: describe the profile of use, benefits and risks of DCM in the treatment of children and adolescents (NNA) with RD, assisted at the Pereira Rossell Hospital Center between July/2021 and February/2024. Methodology: descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective study through review of histories and interviews with family members at two moments (t1: July/2022 and t2: February/2024). All children under 19 years of age who received DCM were included. The benefits were assessed according to the reduction in frequency and duration of epileptic seizures (EC). Adverse events and accessibility were researched. Results: 15 children and adolescents were included, median age 8 years, 9/15 male, 13/15 carriers of severe chronic encephalopathies. At the beginning of treatment, 12/15 used DCM of industrial origin. The median initial dose was 0.5 mg/kg/day, then 3.5 and 3.7 mg/kg/day at t1 and t2, respectively. All caregivers reported a greater than 50% reduction in the frequency of CE and half of them reported a reduction in the duration of the crises. Even though the hospital pharmacy was the most frequent means of obtaining it, most of them expressed difficulties having access to it. Adverse effects, even though mostly mild, were identified in 8 cases. Conclusions: the majority of children and adolescents presented a good response to treatment with DCM, which was maintained during follow-up. The safety profile was adequate. Treatment accessibility problems were identified.
Introducción: existe evidencia del uso de derivados de cannabis medicinal (DCM) como alternativa terapéutica para la epilepsia refractaria (ER). Objetivos: describir el perfil de uso, beneficios y riesgos de los DCM en el tratamiento de niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) con ER, asistidos en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell entre julio/2021 y febrero/2024. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, longitudinal, retrospectivo, mediante revisión de historias y entrevistas a familiares en dos momentos (t1: julio/2022 y t2: febrero/2024). Se incluyeron todos los NNA menores de 19 años que recibieron DCM. El beneficio se evaluó mediante reducción en frecuencia y duración de crisis epilépticas (CE). Se indagó acerca de eventos adversos y accesibilidad. Resultados: se incluyeron 15 NNA, mediana de 8 años, 9/15 sexo masculino, 13/15 portadores de encefalopatías crónicas severas. Al inicio del tratamiento 12/15 utilizaba DCM de origen industrial. La mediana de dosis inicial fue 0,5 mg/kg/día, luego 3,5 y 3,7 mg/kg/día en t1 y t2, respectivamente. Todos los cuidadores reportaron reducción mayor a 50% en la frecuencia de CE y la mitad refirió reducción en la duración. Si bien la farmacia hospitalaria fue la vía más frecuente de obtención, la mayoría expresó dificultades de acceso. En ocho casos se identificaron efectos adversos, en su mayoría leves. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los NNA presentaron buena respuesta al tratamiento con DCM, que se mantuvo en el seguimiento. El perfil de seguridad fue adecuado. Se identificaron problemas de accesibilidad al tratamiento.
Introdução: há evidências do uso de derivados medicinais da Cannabis (DCM) como alternativa terapêutica para Epilepsia Refratária (ER). Objetivos: descrever o perfil de utilização, benefícios e riscos do MCD no tratamento de crianças e adolescentes (NNA) com DR, atendidos no Centro Hospitalar Pereira Rossell entre julho/2021 e fevereiro/2024. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, longitudinal, retrospectivo por meio de revisão de histórias e entrevistas com familiares em dois momentos (t1: julho/2022 e t2: fevereiro/2024). Todas as crianças menores de 19 anos que receberam DCM foram incluídas. O benefício foi avaliado segundo a redução na frequência e duração das crises epilépticas (CE). Eventos adversos e acessibilidade foram investigados. Resultados: foram incluídas 15 crianças e adolescentes, idade mediana de 8 anos, 9/15 do sexo masculino, 13/15 portadores de encefalopatias crônicas graves. No início do tratamento, 12/15 utilizavam DCM de origem industrial. A dose inicial mediana foi de 0,5 mg/kg/dia, depois 3,5 e 3,7 mg/kg/dia em t1 e t2, respectivamente. Todos os cuidadores relataram uma redução superior a 50% na frequência de EC e metade deles reportaram uma diminuição na duração das crises. Embora a farmácia hospitalar tenha sido o meio mais frequente de obtenção, a maioria manifestou dificuldades de acesso. Os efeitos adversos, principalmente leves, foram identificados em 8 casos. Conclusões: a maioria das crianças e adolescentes apresentou boa resposta ao tratamento com MCD, que se manteve durante o acompanhamento. O perfil de segurança foi adequado. Foram identificados problemas de acessibilidade ao tratamento.
| 2025 | |
|
Marihuana medicinal Epilepsia Refractaria Niño Medical Marijuana Drug Resistant Epilepsy Child Maconha Medicinal Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos Criança |
|
| Español | |
| Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría | |
| Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay | |
|
https://adp.sup.org.uy/index.php/adp/article/view/670
https://doi.org/10.31134/ap.96.3 |
|
| Acceso abierto | |
| CreativeCommons by/4.0 |
| _version_ | 1872150024115191808 |
|---|---|
| author | Wood, Irene |
| author2 | Notejane, Martín Speranza, Noelia Galarraga, Florencia Vergara, María Herrera, Rodrigo Moreira, Florencia Gregorini, Valentina Parada, Paulina Prego, Francisco Romero, Ma. Noel |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Wood, Irene Notejane, Martín Speranza, Noelia Galarraga, Florencia Vergara, María Herrera, Rodrigo Moreira, Florencia Gregorini, Valentina Parada, Paulina Prego, Francisco Romero, Ma. Noel |
| author_role | author |
| collection | Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Wood, Irene Notejane, Martín Speranza, Noelia Galarraga, Florencia Vergara, María Herrera, Rodrigo Moreira, Florencia Gregorini, Valentina Parada, Paulina Prego, Francisco Romero, Ma. Noel |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-11 |
| dc.description.abstract.none.fl_txt_mv | Introduction: there is evidence of the use of medicinal cannabis derivatives (DCM) as a therapeutic alternative for Refractory Epilepsy (RE). Objectives: describe the profile of use, benefits and risks of DCM in the treatment of children and adolescents (NNA) with RD, assisted at the Pereira Rossell Hospital Center between July/2021 and February/2024. Methodology: descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective study through review of histories and interviews with family members at two moments (t1: July/2022 and t2: February/2024). All children under 19 years of age who received DCM were included. The benefits were assessed according to the reduction in frequency and duration of epileptic seizures (EC). Adverse events and accessibility were researched. Results: 15 children and adolescents were included, median age 8 years, 9/15 male, 13/15 carriers of severe chronic encephalopathies. At the beginning of treatment, 12/15 used DCM of industrial origin. The median initial dose was 0.5 mg/kg/day, then 3.5 and 3.7 mg/kg/day at t1 and t2, respectively. All caregivers reported a greater than 50% reduction in the frequency of CE and half of them reported a reduction in the duration of the crises. Even though the hospital pharmacy was the most frequent means of obtaining it, most of them expressed difficulties having access to it. Adverse effects, even though mostly mild, were identified in 8 cases. Conclusions: the majority of children and adolescents presented a good response to treatment with DCM, which was maintained during follow-up. The safety profile was adequate. Treatment accessibility problems were identified. Introducción: existe evidencia del uso de derivados de cannabis medicinal (DCM) como alternativa terapéutica para la epilepsia refractaria (ER). Objetivos: describir el perfil de uso, beneficios y riesgos de los DCM en el tratamiento de niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) con ER, asistidos en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell entre julio/2021 y febrero/2024. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, longitudinal, retrospectivo, mediante revisión de historias y entrevistas a familiares en dos momentos (t1: julio/2022 y t2: febrero/2024). Se incluyeron todos los NNA menores de 19 años que recibieron DCM. El beneficio se evaluó mediante reducción en frecuencia y duración de crisis epilépticas (CE). Se indagó acerca de eventos adversos y accesibilidad. Resultados: se incluyeron 15 NNA, mediana de 8 años, 9/15 sexo masculino, 13/15 portadores de encefalopatías crónicas severas. Al inicio del tratamiento 12/15 utilizaba DCM de origen industrial. La mediana de dosis inicial fue 0,5 mg/kg/día, luego 3,5 y 3,7 mg/kg/día en t1 y t2, respectivamente. Todos los cuidadores reportaron reducción mayor a 50% en la frecuencia de CE y la mitad refirió reducción en la duración. Si bien la farmacia hospitalaria fue la vía más frecuente de obtención, la mayoría expresó dificultades de acceso. En ocho casos se identificaron efectos adversos, en su mayoría leves. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los NNA presentaron buena respuesta al tratamiento con DCM, que se mantuvo en el seguimiento. El perfil de seguridad fue adecuado. Se identificaron problemas de accesibilidad al tratamiento. Introdução: há evidências do uso de derivados medicinais da Cannabis (DCM) como alternativa terapêutica para Epilepsia Refratária (ER). Objetivos: descrever o perfil de utilização, benefícios e riscos do MCD no tratamento de crianças e adolescentes (NNA) com DR, atendidos no Centro Hospitalar Pereira Rossell entre julho/2021 e fevereiro/2024. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, longitudinal, retrospectivo por meio de revisão de histórias e entrevistas com familiares em dois momentos (t1: julho/2022 e t2: fevereiro/2024). Todas as crianças menores de 19 anos que receberam DCM foram incluídas. O benefício foi avaliado segundo a redução na frequência e duração das crises epilépticas (CE). Eventos adversos e acessibilidade foram investigados. Resultados: foram incluídas 15 crianças e adolescentes, idade mediana de 8 anos, 9/15 do sexo masculino, 13/15 portadores de encefalopatias crônicas graves. No início do tratamento, 12/15 utilizavam DCM de origem industrial. A dose inicial mediana foi de 0,5 mg/kg/dia, depois 3,5 e 3,7 mg/kg/dia em t1 e t2, respectivamente. Todos os cuidadores relataram uma redução superior a 50% na frequência de EC e metade deles reportaram uma diminuição na duração das crises. Embora a farmácia hospitalar tenha sido o meio mais frequente de obtenção, a maioria manifestou dificuldades de acesso. Os efeitos adversos, principalmente leves, foram identificados em 8 casos. Conclusões: a maioria das crianças e adolescentes apresentou boa resposta ao tratamento com MCD, que se manteve durante o acompanhamento. O perfil de segurança foi adequado. Foram identificados problemas de acessibilidade ao tratamento. |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv | https://doi.org/10.31134/ap.96.3 |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | https://adp.sup.org.uy/index.php/adp/article/view/670 |
| dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv | spa |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://adp.sup.org.uy/index.php/adp/article/view/670/364 |
| dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv | CreativeCommons by/4.0 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | Archives of Pediatrics of Uruguay; Vol. 96 No. 1 (2025); e203 Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay; Vol. 96 Núm. 1 (2025); e203 Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay; v. 96 n. 1 (2025); e203 1688-1249 0004-0584 reponame:Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay instname:Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría instacron:Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Marihuana medicinal Epilepsia Refractaria Niño Medical Marijuana Drug Resistant Epilepsy Child Maconha Medicinal Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos Criança |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Medicinal cannabis derivatives in the treatment of children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy assisted in a reference center in Uruguay between 2021-2024: Usage profile, benefits and risks Derivados de cannabis medicinal en el tratamiento de niños, niñas y adolescentes con epilepsia refractaria asistidos en un centro de referencia de Uruguay, entre 2021-2024: Perfil de uso, beneficios y riesgos Derivados medicinais da cannabis no tratamento de crianças e adolescentes com epilepsia refratária atendidos em um centro de referência no Uruguai entre 2021-2024: Perfil de uso, benefícios e riscos |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| description | Introduction: there is evidence of the use of medicinal cannabis derivatives (DCM) as a therapeutic alternative for Refractory Epilepsy (RE). Objectives: describe the profile of use, benefits and risks of DCM in the treatment of children and adolescents (NNA) with RD, assisted at the Pereira Rossell Hospital Center between July/2021 and February/2024. Methodology: descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective study through review of histories and interviews with family members at two moments (t1: July/2022 and t2: February/2024). All children under 19 years of age who received DCM were included. The benefits were assessed according to the reduction in frequency and duration of epileptic seizures (EC). Adverse events and accessibility were researched. Results: 15 children and adolescents were included, median age 8 years, 9/15 male, 13/15 carriers of severe chronic encephalopathies. At the beginning of treatment, 12/15 used DCM of industrial origin. The median initial dose was 0.5 mg/kg/day, then 3.5 and 3.7 mg/kg/day at t1 and t2, respectively. All caregivers reported a greater than 50% reduction in the frequency of CE and half of them reported a reduction in the duration of the crises. Even though the hospital pharmacy was the most frequent means of obtaining it, most of them expressed difficulties having access to it. Adverse effects, even though mostly mild, were identified in 8 cases. Conclusions: the majority of children and adolescents presented a good response to treatment with DCM, which was maintained during follow-up. The safety profile was adequate. Treatment accessibility problems were identified. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | SUP-OJS_0d5259254f383a1ea29d65f6a76906d7 |
| instacron_str | Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría |
| institution | Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría |
| instname_str | Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría |
| language | spa |
| network_acronym_str | SUP-OJS |
| network_name_str | Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:ojs.sup.org.uy:article/670 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría |
| reponame_str | Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay - Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría |
| repository_id_str | |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CreativeCommons by/4.0 |
| spelling | Medicinal cannabis derivatives in the treatment of children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy assisted in a reference center in Uruguay between 2021-2024: Usage profile, benefits and risksDerivados de cannabis medicinal en el tratamiento de niños, niñas y adolescentes con epilepsia refractaria asistidos en un centro de referencia de Uruguay, entre 2021-2024: Perfil de uso, beneficios y riesgosDerivados medicinais da cannabis no tratamento de crianças e adolescentes com epilepsia refratária atendidos em um centro de referência no Uruguai entre 2021-2024: Perfil de uso, benefícios e riscosWood, IreneNotejane, MartínSperanza, NoeliaGalarraga, FlorenciaVergara, MaríaHerrera, RodrigoMoreira, FlorenciaGregorini, ValentinaParada, PaulinaPrego, FranciscoRomero, Ma. NoelMarihuana medicinalEpilepsia RefractariaNiñoMedical MarijuanaDrug Resistant EpilepsyChildMaconha MedicinalEpilepsia Resistente a MedicamentosCriançaIntroduction: there is evidence of the use of medicinal cannabis derivatives (DCM) as a therapeutic alternative for Refractory Epilepsy (RE). Objectives: describe the profile of use, benefits and risks of DCM in the treatment of children and adolescents (NNA) with RD, assisted at the Pereira Rossell Hospital Center between July/2021 and February/2024. Methodology: descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective study through review of histories and interviews with family members at two moments (t1: July/2022 and t2: February/2024). All children under 19 years of age who received DCM were included. The benefits were assessed according to the reduction in frequency and duration of epileptic seizures (EC). Adverse events and accessibility were researched. Results: 15 children and adolescents were included, median age 8 years, 9/15 male, 13/15 carriers of severe chronic encephalopathies. At the beginning of treatment, 12/15 used DCM of industrial origin. The median initial dose was 0.5 mg/kg/day, then 3.5 and 3.7 mg/kg/day at t1 and t2, respectively. All caregivers reported a greater than 50% reduction in the frequency of CE and half of them reported a reduction in the duration of the crises. Even though the hospital pharmacy was the most frequent means of obtaining it, most of them expressed difficulties having access to it. Adverse effects, even though mostly mild, were identified in 8 cases. Conclusions: the majority of children and adolescents presented a good response to treatment with DCM, which was maintained during follow-up. The safety profile was adequate. Treatment accessibility problems were identified.Introducción: existe evidencia del uso de derivados de cannabis medicinal (DCM) como alternativa terapéutica para la epilepsia refractaria (ER). Objetivos: describir el perfil de uso, beneficios y riesgos de los DCM en el tratamiento de niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) con ER, asistidos en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell entre julio/2021 y febrero/2024. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, longitudinal, retrospectivo, mediante revisión de historias y entrevistas a familiares en dos momentos (t1: julio/2022 y t2: febrero/2024). Se incluyeron todos los NNA menores de 19 años que recibieron DCM. El beneficio se evaluó mediante reducción en frecuencia y duración de crisis epilépticas (CE). Se indagó acerca de eventos adversos y accesibilidad. Resultados: se incluyeron 15 NNA, mediana de 8 años, 9/15 sexo masculino, 13/15 portadores de encefalopatías crónicas severas. Al inicio del tratamiento 12/15 utilizaba DCM de origen industrial. La mediana de dosis inicial fue 0,5 mg/kg/día, luego 3,5 y 3,7 mg/kg/día en t1 y t2, respectivamente. Todos los cuidadores reportaron reducción mayor a 50% en la frecuencia de CE y la mitad refirió reducción en la duración. Si bien la farmacia hospitalaria fue la vía más frecuente de obtención, la mayoría expresó dificultades de acceso. En ocho casos se identificaron efectos adversos, en su mayoría leves. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los NNA presentaron buena respuesta al tratamiento con DCM, que se mantuvo en el seguimiento. El perfil de seguridad fue adecuado. Se identificaron problemas de accesibilidad al tratamiento. Introdução: há evidências do uso de derivados medicinais da Cannabis (DCM) como alternativa terapêutica para Epilepsia Refratária (ER). Objetivos: descrever o perfil de utilização, benefícios e riscos do MCD no tratamento de crianças e adolescentes (NNA) com DR, atendidos no Centro Hospitalar Pereira Rossell entre julho/2021 e fevereiro/2024. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, longitudinal, retrospectivo por meio de revisão de histórias e entrevistas com familiares em dois momentos (t1: julho/2022 e t2: fevereiro/2024). Todas as crianças menores de 19 anos que receberam DCM foram incluídas. O benefício foi avaliado segundo a redução na frequência e duração das crises epilépticas (CE). Eventos adversos e acessibilidade foram investigados. Resultados: foram incluídas 15 crianças e adolescentes, idade mediana de 8 anos, 9/15 do sexo masculino, 13/15 portadores de encefalopatias crônicas graves. No início do tratamento, 12/15 utilizavam DCM de origem industrial. A dose inicial mediana foi de 0,5 mg/kg/dia, depois 3,5 e 3,7 mg/kg/dia em t1 e t2, respectivamente. Todos os cuidadores relataram uma redução superior a 50% na frequência de EC e metade deles reportaram uma diminuição na duração das crises. Embora a farmácia hospitalar tenha sido o meio mais frequente de obtenção, a maioria manifestou dificuldades de acesso. Os efeitos adversos, principalmente leves, foram identificados em 8 casos. Conclusões: a maioria das crianças e adolescentes apresentou boa resposta ao tratamento com MCD, que se manteve durante o acompanhamento. O perfil de segurança foi adequado. Foram identificados problemas de acessibilidade ao tratamento. Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría2025-06-11info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://adp.sup.org.uy/index.php/adp/article/view/670https://doi.org/10.31134/ap.96.3Archives of Pediatrics of Uruguay; Vol. 96 No. 1 (2025); e203Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay; Vol. 96 Núm. 1 (2025); e203Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay; v. 96 n. 1 (2025); e2031688-12490004-0584reponame:Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguayinstname:Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatríainstacron:Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatríaspahttps://adp.sup.org.uy/index.php/adp/article/view/670/364Derechos de autor 2025 Irene Wood, Martín Notejane, Noelia Speranza, Florencia Galarraga, María Vergara, Rodrigo Herrera, Florencia Moreira, Valentina Gregorini, Paulina Parada, Francisco Prego, Ma. Noel Romerohttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessCreativeCommons by/4.02026-05-14T13:33:17Zoai:ojs.sup.org.uy:article/670Portal de revistashttps://adp.sup.org.uy/index.php/adpOrganización no gubernamentalhttps://www.sup.org.uy/https://adp.sup.org.uy/index.php/adp/oaiUruguayopendoar:2026-05-14T13:33:17Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay - Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatríafalse |
| spellingShingle | Medicinal cannabis derivatives in the treatment of children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy assisted in a reference center in Uruguay between 2021-2024: Usage profile, benefits and risks Wood, Irene Marihuana medicinal Epilepsia Refractaria Niño Medical Marijuana Drug Resistant Epilepsy Child Maconha Medicinal Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos Criança |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Medicinal cannabis derivatives in the treatment of children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy assisted in a reference center in Uruguay between 2021-2024: Usage profile, benefits and risks |
| title_full | Medicinal cannabis derivatives in the treatment of children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy assisted in a reference center in Uruguay between 2021-2024: Usage profile, benefits and risks |
| title_fullStr | Medicinal cannabis derivatives in the treatment of children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy assisted in a reference center in Uruguay between 2021-2024: Usage profile, benefits and risks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Medicinal cannabis derivatives in the treatment of children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy assisted in a reference center in Uruguay between 2021-2024: Usage profile, benefits and risks |
| title_short | Medicinal cannabis derivatives in the treatment of children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy assisted in a reference center in Uruguay between 2021-2024: Usage profile, benefits and risks |
| title_sort | Medicinal cannabis derivatives in the treatment of children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy assisted in a reference center in Uruguay between 2021-2024: Usage profile, benefits and risks |
| topic | Marihuana medicinal Epilepsia Refractaria Niño Medical Marijuana Drug Resistant Epilepsy Child Maconha Medicinal Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos Criança |
| url | https://adp.sup.org.uy/index.php/adp/article/view/670 https://doi.org/10.31134/ap.96.3 |