Pneumoperitoneum caused by tuberculosis
Neumoperitoneo causado por una tuberculosis
Resumen:
86-year-old male who came to the emergency room due to lower limb edema. On examination, he presented discreet abdominal discomfort, with no other accompanying symptoms.The analysis shows a hemoglobin of 8.2 g / dL with a hematocrit of 24%. A chest and abdominal CT scan was performed (Fig. 1) that revealed bilateral pulmonary nodules with an inflammatory appearance, pleural effusion and massive pneumoperitoneum, without evidence of rupture of the hollow viscus. He is kept on an absolute diet and antibiotic therapy and parenteral nutrition are started.Cultures are extracted, mycobacteria appearing in the bronchoalveolar lavage. He is diagnosed with disseminated tuberculosis. The antibiotic treatment is adjusted and the patient improves progressively, being discharged from hospital 10 days after the onset of the symptoms. In the follow-up CT scan at 3 months, the pneumoperitoneum has disappeared.The most frequent origin of spontaneous non-surgical pneumoperitoneum is the thorax (due to tuberculosis, mechanical ventilation, barotrauma, pulmonary contusion, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease…), there are also abdominal causes such as intestinal cystic pneumatosis. Between 5 and 14% of patients with spontaneous pneumoperitoneum can be managed conservatively, without surgery. Some series show that no visceral perforation is evident in up to 44% of non-surgical pneumoperitoneums. It is therefore a cause of non-surgical pneumoperitoneum that, with an adequate clinical and therapeutic approach, makes it possible to avoid surgical intervention. 1,2,3,4,5
Varón de 86 años que acude a Urgencias por edema en los miembros inferiores. A la exploración presenta discretas molestias abdominales, sin otra clínica acompañante.La analítica muestra una hemoglobina de 8.2 g/dL con un hematocrito del 24%. Se realiza una TC de tórax y de abdomen (fig 1) que objetiva nódulos pulmonares bilaterales de apariencia inflamatoria, derrame pleural y neumoperitoneo masivo, sin evidencia de rotura de víscera hueca. Se mantiene a dieta absoluta y se inicia antibioterapia y nutrición parenteral.Se extraen cultivos, apareciendo mycobacterias en el lavado broncoalveolar. Se diagnostica de tuberculosis diseminada. Se ajusta el tratamiento antibiótico y el paciente mejora progresivamente, siendo dado de alta hospitalaria a los 10 días de inicio del cuadro. En la TC de control a los 3 meses el neumoperitoneo ha desaparecido.El origen más frecuente de neumoperitoneo espontáneo no quirúrgico es el tórax (por tuberculosis, ventilación mecánica, barotrauma, contusión pulmonar, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica…), existiendo también causas abdominales como la neumatosis quística intestinal. Entre el 5 y el 14% de pacientes con neumoperitoneo espontáneo pueden ser manejados de forma conservadora, sin cirugía. Algunas series muestran que hasta en el 44% de los neumoperitoneos no quirúrgicos no se evidencia perforación visceral. Se trata por tanto de una causa de neumoperitoneo no quirúrgico que con un adecuado enfoque clínico y terapéutico permite evitar una intervención quirúrgica. 1,2,3,4,5
2021 | |
pneumoperitoneo tuberculosis cirugía pneumoperitoneum tuberculosis surgery |
|
Español | |
Sociedad de Cirugía del Uruguay | |
Revista Cirugía del Uruguay | |
https://revista.scu.org.uy/index.php/cir_urug/article/view/2728 | |
Acceso abierto | |
CreativeCommons by-nc/4.0 |
Sumario: | 86-year-old male who came to the emergency room due to lower limb edema. On examination, he presented discreet abdominal discomfort, with no other accompanying symptoms.The analysis shows a hemoglobin of 8.2 g / dL with a hematocrit of 24%. A chest and abdominal CT scan was performed (Fig. 1) that revealed bilateral pulmonary nodules with an inflammatory appearance, pleural effusion and massive pneumoperitoneum, without evidence of rupture of the hollow viscus. He is kept on an absolute diet and antibiotic therapy and parenteral nutrition are started.Cultures are extracted, mycobacteria appearing in the bronchoalveolar lavage. He is diagnosed with disseminated tuberculosis. The antibiotic treatment is adjusted and the patient improves progressively, being discharged from hospital 10 days after the onset of the symptoms. In the follow-up CT scan at 3 months, the pneumoperitoneum has disappeared.The most frequent origin of spontaneous non-surgical pneumoperitoneum is the thorax (due to tuberculosis, mechanical ventilation, barotrauma, pulmonary contusion, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease…), there are also abdominal causes such as intestinal cystic pneumatosis. Between 5 and 14% of patients with spontaneous pneumoperitoneum can be managed conservatively, without surgery. Some series show that no visceral perforation is evident in up to 44% of non-surgical pneumoperitoneums. It is therefore a cause of non-surgical pneumoperitoneum that, with an adequate clinical and therapeutic approach, makes it possible to avoid surgical intervention. 1,2,3,4,5 |
---|