Spontaneous biliodigestive fistulas and their complications
Fístulas biliodigestivas espontáneas y sus complicaciones
Resumen:
Pathological, clínica! and therapeutical aspects of bilio-digestive fistulas are updated through the study of 21 cases treated by the author. Bibliographic dats is revised.The heterogenous situations . in which fistulas are found are analyzed, since they g,nerally constitute a secondary symptom with varied significance within thegroup of associated lesions. Statistical consideration shows for Uruguay a high percentage of lithiasic et. iology compared with the ulcerous or neoplasic type, thus differing from lower figures in the statistics for other countries. Pathology of fistulas of lithiasic origin stress the fact that it complicates the situation, for the combinednd potentialized action of biliary hypertension and parietal alteration, combined with infection and gallstone pressure determinating factors in the formation of the fistula.The cases studied show that there is no specificsymptomatology. Patients are generally in the sixth or seventh decade of their lives, are generally women with cardiovascular alterations, overweight and diabetical.Diagnosis, except in rare cases, is the result of random radiological findings, of a complication (in general gallstone ileus), or, more often, during surgery. Exeept in sone cases when is contraindication by reason of the patient's precarious general condition, treatment consists of surgery. Surgical goals should follow an arder of priori ti es:-Digestive and biliary transit free of obstacles: -Elimination of biliary infection; -Elimination of fistula. and their treatment. Hemorrhage: its massive and cataclysmic character;the need for immediate surgical hemostasis; inclusion of bilio-digestive fistulas in the. diagnosis of massive digestive hemorrhages. Cholangitis: caused or aggravated by backflow. Thismay be the most difficult problem and may occasionally be insoluble. The paper contains an account of treatment for reversible _cases.Gallstome ileus: it accounted for 9 out of 16 cases of bilio-enteric fistulas. Its polimorphic symptomatology and digestive and humoral complications are analyzed. Criteria for its surgical treatment is discussed in connection with the. intestinal and biliary tract. Bouveret's syndrome is analyzed, including its clinical appearence and the possibility of integral surgical treatment. There is also a chapter that deals with biliobiliary fistulas, analyzing surgical difficulties and suggesting safety procedures for biliary canalization. The complex problem of fistulas of ulcerous orlgin is analyzed and surgical solutions which leave the ulcer and abnormal communication are defended by reáson of their good tollerance.
Se actualizan los aspectos patológicos, clínicos y terapéuticos de las fístulas bilio-digestivas, mediante el estudio de 21 casos tratados personalmente y la conideraciónde la información bibliográfica. Se analiza la heterogeneidad de situaciones en que se encuentra la fistula, en medio de las cuales ésta suele ser un epifenómeno con muy variable significación en el conjunto de lesiones asociadas. El estudio estadístico muestra el alto porcentaje de etiología litiásica frente a la ulcerosa o neoplásica enel Uruguay, en relación con las cifras menores de las estadísticas extranjeras. En la patología de las fístulas de origen litiásico se destaca el carácter complicativo de _la situación, dondela acción combinada y potencializada de la hipertensión biliar y la alteración parietal con la participación de la infección y e.l decúbito del cálculo, constituyen losfactores determinantes de la formación de la fístula. Los casos estudiados muestran que no existe una sintomatologia específica. Se trata de enfermos en la sexta o séptima década de la vida, con antiguo sufrimiento biliar, en general mujeres, con alteraciones cardiovasculares, obesas y diabéticas. El diagnóstico, salvo excepciones se revela por unazaroso hallazgo radiológico, una complicación ( en general un íleo-biliar), o más frecuentemente, durante la intervención.Fuera de algunos casos de contraindicación por el precario estado general, el tratamiento es quirúrgico. Se expone un orden prioritario de objetivos quirúrgicos:-Obtener un tránsito digestivo y biliar libres de -Suprimir la infección biliar. -Suprimir la fístula. Se señalan las principales complicaciones y su tratamiento: La hemorragia: su carácter masivo y cataclísmico; la necesidad de la hemostasis quirúrgica inmediata; la incorporación de las fístulas bilio-digestivas en la agenda diagnóstica de las hemorragias digestivas masivas. La colangitis: creada o agravada por el reflujo puede. constituir el problema más dificil y a veces insoluble. Se expone el tratamiento para los casos reversibles.El íleo-biliar: reveló la fistula en 9 de los 16 casos de fístula bilio-entérica. Se anali quirúrgico en relación con el polo intestinal y el polo biliar. Se analiza el síndrome de Bouveret, susformas clínicas de presentación y la posibilidad de su tratamiento quirúrgico integral. Se incluye un capitulo de fístulas bilio-biliares, seanalizan sus dificultades operatorias y se. sugieren procedimientos de seguridad para la canalización biliar. Se analiza el complejo problema de las fístula; de;rigen ulceroso y se defienden, en. función de su habitual buena tolerancia, las soluciones quirúrgicas que dejan la úlcera y ci comunici>ción normal .
1972 | |
relato cirugía digestiva fistulas story digestive surgery fistulas |
|
Español | |
Sociedad de Cirugía del Uruguay | |
Revista Cirugía del Uruguay | |
https://revista.scu.org.uy/index.php/cir_urug/article/view/2265 | |
Acceso abierto |
Sumario: | Pathological, clínica! and therapeutical aspects of bilio-digestive fistulas are updated through the study of 21 cases treated by the author. Bibliographic dats is revised.The heterogenous situations . in which fistulas are found are analyzed, since they g,nerally constitute a secondary symptom with varied significance within thegroup of associated lesions. Statistical consideration shows for Uruguay a high percentage of lithiasic et. iology compared with the ulcerous or neoplasic type, thus differing from lower figures in the statistics for other countries. Pathology of fistulas of lithiasic origin stress the fact that it complicates the situation, for the combinednd potentialized action of biliary hypertension and parietal alteration, combined with infection and gallstone pressure determinating factors in the formation of the fistula.The cases studied show that there is no specificsymptomatology. Patients are generally in the sixth or seventh decade of their lives, are generally women with cardiovascular alterations, overweight and diabetical.Diagnosis, except in rare cases, is the result of random radiological findings, of a complication (in general gallstone ileus), or, more often, during surgery. Exeept in sone cases when is contraindication by reason of the patient's precarious general condition, treatment consists of surgery. Surgical goals should follow an arder of priori ti es:-Digestive and biliary transit free of obstacles: -Elimination of biliary infection; -Elimination of fistula. and their treatment. Hemorrhage: its massive and cataclysmic character;the need for immediate surgical hemostasis; inclusion of bilio-digestive fistulas in the. diagnosis of massive digestive hemorrhages. Cholangitis: caused or aggravated by backflow. Thismay be the most difficult problem and may occasionally be insoluble. The paper contains an account of treatment for reversible _cases.Gallstome ileus: it accounted for 9 out of 16 cases of bilio-enteric fistulas. Its polimorphic symptomatology and digestive and humoral complications are analyzed. Criteria for its surgical treatment is discussed in connection with the. intestinal and biliary tract. Bouveret's syndrome is analyzed, including its clinical appearence and the possibility of integral surgical treatment. There is also a chapter that deals with biliobiliary fistulas, analyzing surgical difficulties and suggesting safety procedures for biliary canalization. The complex problem of fistulas of ulcerous orlgin is analyzed and surgical solutions which leave the ulcer and abnormal communication are defended by reáson of their good tollerance. |
---|