The Government Co-participation Covenants Occurred in the Second Half of the XIX Century and the Beginning of the XX Century in Uruguay: Oral Constitutional Mutations and Constituent Process
Los pactos de coparticipación en el gobierno ocurridos en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y principio del siglo XX en Uruguay: Mutaciones constitucionales orales y proceso constituyente
| 2020 | |
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Constitution revolutions political parties co-participation constituent process Constitución revoluciones partidos políticos coparticipación proceso constituyente |
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| Español | |
| Universidad Católica del Uruguay | |
| LIBERI | |
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https://revistas.ucu.edu.uy/index.php/revistadederecho/article/view/2156
https://hdl.handle.net/10895/4205 |
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| Acceso abierto |
| _version_ | 1815178683559706624 |
|---|---|
| author | Rodríguez Almada, Pablo |
| author_facet | Rodríguez Almada, Pablo |
| author_role | author |
| collection | LIBERI |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Rodríguez Almada, Pablo |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv | 2023-09-13T13:12:38Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv | 2023-09-13T13:12:38Z |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2020-11-12 |
| dc.description.en-US.fl_txt_mv | In Uruguay, during the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, three significant political events occurred in the history of the co-participation of political parties in the Government: the two main ones were the Pacto de Abril (April Pact) in 1872 and the Pacto de la Cruz (Pact of the Cross) in 1897, and the third one, less significant due to its duration, the Pacto de Nico Pérez (Pact of Nico Pérez) in 1903. The referred pacts, which were oral, meant the co-participation of the political parties in the departmental governments and, consequently, also in the Legislative Power. These political agreements which were preceded by revolutions promoted by the Partido Nacional (National Party), were applied, with some interruptions and modifications, for thirty-two years, even during de facto governments. This article analyses these co-participation agreements and the violation of the Constitution they represented, as they became oral constitutional mutations. It is intended to prove that while these constitutional changes had no normative force (because custom is not a formal source of law in Uruguay) and no political consensus (they were applied as a way to avoid armed conflict), they were part of a constitutional process that continued with modifications to constitutional procedures and electoral laws, and ended with the entry into force of the Constitution of 1918. |
| dc.description.es-ES.fl_txt_mv | En Uruguay, en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y principio del siglo XX, ocurrieron tres hechos políticos significativos para la historia de la coparticipación de los partidos políticos en el Gobierno: los dos principales fueron el Pacto de Abril del año 1872 y el Pacto de la Cruz del año 1897 y el tercero, menos significativo por su duración, el Pacto de Nico Pérez del año 1903. Los pactos referidos, que eran orales, significaban la coparticipación de los partidos políticos en los gobiernos departamentales y, como consecuencia, también en el Poder Legislativo. Los acuerdos políticos mencionados, que fueron precedidos de revoluciones promovidas por el Partido Nacional, se aplicaron, con algunas interrupciones y modificaciones, durante treinta y dos años, inclusive en gobiernos de facto. El presente artículo analiza estos pactos de coparticipación y la vulneración de la Constitución que representaban, al convertirse en mutaciones constitucionales orales. Se pretende demostrar que, si bien dichas mutaciones constitucionales no tenían fuerza normativa —porque la costumbre no es fuente formal de derecho en Uruguay— y no tenían consenso político —se aplicaban como forma de evitar conflictos armados— formaron parte de un proceso constituyente que continuó con modificaciones de procedimientos constitucionales y leyes electorales, y que finalizó con la entrada en vigencia de la Constitución del año 1918. |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | https://revistas.ucu.edu.uy/index.php/revistadederecho/article/view/2156 10.22235/rd22.2156 |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv | https://hdl.handle.net/10895/4205 |
| dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv | spa |
| dc.publisher.es-ES.fl_str_mv | Universidad Católica del Uruguay |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://revistas.ucu.edu.uy/index.php/revistadederecho/article/view/2156/2138 |
| dc.rights.es-ES.fl_str_mv | Derechos de autor 2020 Revista de Derecho http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.source.en-US.fl_str_mv | Revista de Derecho; No. 22 (2020): Revista de Derecho ; 01-18 |
| dc.source.es-ES.fl_str_mv | Revista de Derecho; Núm. 22 (2020): Revista de Derecho ; 01-18 |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | 2393-6193 1510-3714 10.22235/rd.vi22 reponame:LIBERI instname:Universidad Católica del Uruguay instacron:Universidad Católica del Uruguay |
| dc.source.pt-PT.fl_str_mv | Revista de Derecho; N.º 22 (2020): Revista de Derecho ; 01-18 |
| dc.subject.en-US.fl_str_mv | Constitution revolutions political parties co-participation constituent process |
| dc.subject.es-ES.fl_str_mv | Constitución revoluciones partidos políticos coparticipación proceso constituyente |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | The Government Co-participation Covenants Occurred in the Second Half of the XIX Century and the Beginning of the XX Century in Uruguay: Oral Constitutional Mutations and Constituent Process Los pactos de coparticipación en el gobierno ocurridos en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y principio del siglo XX en Uruguay: Mutaciones constitucionales orales y proceso constituyente |
| dc.type.en-US.fl_str_mv | Papers evaluated by peers |
| dc.type.es-ES.fl_str_mv | Artículos evaluados por pares |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| dc.type.pt-PT.fl_str_mv | Avaliados por pares |
| dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| description | In Uruguay, during the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, three significant political events occurred in the history of the co-participation of political parties in the Government: the two main ones were the Pacto de Abril (April Pact) in 1872 and the Pacto de la Cruz (Pact of the Cross) in 1897, and the third one, less significant due to its duration, the Pacto de Nico Pérez (Pact of Nico Pérez) in 1903. The referred pacts, which were oral, meant the co-participation of the political parties in the departmental governments and, consequently, also in the Legislative Power. These political agreements which were preceded by revolutions promoted by the Partido Nacional (National Party), were applied, with some interruptions and modifications, for thirty-two years, even during de facto governments. This article analyses these co-participation agreements and the violation of the Constitution they represented, as they became oral constitutional mutations. It is intended to prove that while these constitutional changes had no normative force (because custom is not a formal source of law in Uruguay) and no political consensus (they were applied as a way to avoid armed conflict), they were part of a constitutional process that continued with modifications to constitutional procedures and electoral laws, and ended with the entry into force of the Constitution of 1918. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | LIBERI_2246ba0d53ddf63fa387f27d87e90750 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.22235/rd22.2156 |
| instacron_str | Universidad Católica del Uruguay |
| institution | Universidad Católica del Uruguay |
| instname_str | Universidad Católica del Uruguay |
| language | spa |
| network_acronym_str | LIBERI |
| network_name_str | LIBERI |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:liberi.ucu.edu.uy:10895/4205 |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| reponame_str | LIBERI |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | franco.pertusso@ucu.edu.uy |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | LIBERI - Universidad Católica del Uruguay |
| repository_id_str | 10342 |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | Derechos de autor 2020 Revista de Derecho http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spelling | Rodríguez Almada, Pablo2020-11-122023-09-13T13:12:38Z2023-09-13T13:12:38Zhttps://revistas.ucu.edu.uy/index.php/revistadederecho/article/view/215610.22235/rd22.2156https://hdl.handle.net/10895/4205In Uruguay, during the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, three significant political events occurred in the history of the co-participation of political parties in the Government: the two main ones were the Pacto de Abril (April Pact) in 1872 and the Pacto de la Cruz (Pact of the Cross) in 1897, and the third one, less significant due to its duration, the Pacto de Nico Pérez (Pact of Nico Pérez) in 1903. The referred pacts, which were oral, meant the co-participation of the political parties in the departmental governments and, consequently, also in the Legislative Power. These political agreements which were preceded by revolutions promoted by the Partido Nacional (National Party), were applied, with some interruptions and modifications, for thirty-two years, even during de facto governments. This article analyses these co-participation agreements and the violation of the Constitution they represented, as they became oral constitutional mutations. It is intended to prove that while these constitutional changes had no normative force (because custom is not a formal source of law in Uruguay) and no political consensus (they were applied as a way to avoid armed conflict), they were part of a constitutional process that continued with modifications to constitutional procedures and electoral laws, and ended with the entry into force of the Constitution of 1918. En Uruguay, en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y principio del siglo XX, ocurrieron tres hechos políticos significativos para la historia de la coparticipación de los partidos políticos en el Gobierno: los dos principales fueron el Pacto de Abril del año 1872 y el Pacto de la Cruz del año 1897 y el tercero, menos significativo por su duración, el Pacto de Nico Pérez del año 1903. Los pactos referidos, que eran orales, significaban la coparticipación de los partidos políticos en los gobiernos departamentales y, como consecuencia, también en el Poder Legislativo. Los acuerdos políticos mencionados, que fueron precedidos de revoluciones promovidas por el Partido Nacional, se aplicaron, con algunas interrupciones y modificaciones, durante treinta y dos años, inclusive en gobiernos de facto. El presente artículo analiza estos pactos de coparticipación y la vulneración de la Constitución que representaban, al convertirse en mutaciones constitucionales orales. Se pretende demostrar que, si bien dichas mutaciones constitucionales no tenían fuerza normativa —porque la costumbre no es fuente formal de derecho en Uruguay— y no tenían consenso político —se aplicaban como forma de evitar conflictos armados— formaron parte de un proceso constituyente que continuó con modificaciones de procedimientos constitucionales y leyes electorales, y que finalizó con la entrada en vigencia de la Constitución del año 1918. application/pdfspaUniversidad Católica del Uruguayhttps://revistas.ucu.edu.uy/index.php/revistadederecho/article/view/2156/2138Derechos de autor 2020 Revista de Derechohttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessRevista de Derecho; No. 22 (2020): Revista de Derecho ; 01-18Revista de Derecho; Núm. 22 (2020): Revista de Derecho ; 01-18Revista de Derecho; N.º 22 (2020): Revista de Derecho ; 01-182393-61931510-371410.22235/rd.vi22reponame:LIBERIinstname:Universidad Católica del Uruguayinstacron:Universidad Católica del UruguayConstitutionrevolutionspolitical partiesco-participationconstituent processConstituciónrevolucionespartidos políticoscoparticipaciónproceso constituyenteThe Government Co-participation Covenants Occurred in the Second Half of the XIX Century and the Beginning of the XX Century in Uruguay: Oral Constitutional Mutations and Constituent ProcessLos pactos de coparticipación en el gobierno ocurridos en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y principio del siglo XX en Uruguay: Mutaciones constitucionales orales y proceso constituyenteinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPapers evaluated by peersArtículos evaluados por paresAvaliados por paresinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion10895/42052023-09-13 10:12:38.367oai:liberi.ucu.edu.uy:10895/4205Universidadhttps://www.ucu.edu.uy/https://liberi.ucu.edu.uy/oai/requestfranco.pertusso@ucu.edu.uyUruguayopendoar:103422023-09-13T13:12:38LIBERI - Universidad Católica del Uruguayfalse |
| spellingShingle | The Government Co-participation Covenants Occurred in the Second Half of the XIX Century and the Beginning of the XX Century in Uruguay: Oral Constitutional Mutations and Constituent Process Rodríguez Almada, Pablo Constitution revolutions political parties co-participation constituent process Constitución revoluciones partidos políticos coparticipación proceso constituyente |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | The Government Co-participation Covenants Occurred in the Second Half of the XIX Century and the Beginning of the XX Century in Uruguay: Oral Constitutional Mutations and Constituent Process |
| title_full | The Government Co-participation Covenants Occurred in the Second Half of the XIX Century and the Beginning of the XX Century in Uruguay: Oral Constitutional Mutations and Constituent Process |
| title_fullStr | The Government Co-participation Covenants Occurred in the Second Half of the XIX Century and the Beginning of the XX Century in Uruguay: Oral Constitutional Mutations and Constituent Process |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Government Co-participation Covenants Occurred in the Second Half of the XIX Century and the Beginning of the XX Century in Uruguay: Oral Constitutional Mutations and Constituent Process |
| title_short | The Government Co-participation Covenants Occurred in the Second Half of the XIX Century and the Beginning of the XX Century in Uruguay: Oral Constitutional Mutations and Constituent Process |
| title_sort | The Government Co-participation Covenants Occurred in the Second Half of the XIX Century and the Beginning of the XX Century in Uruguay: Oral Constitutional Mutations and Constituent Process |
| topic | Constitution revolutions political parties co-participation constituent process Constitución revoluciones partidos políticos coparticipación proceso constituyente |
| url | https://revistas.ucu.edu.uy/index.php/revistadederecho/article/view/2156 https://hdl.handle.net/10895/4205 |
