A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs
Resumen:
The clinical consequences of toxoplasmosis are greatly dependent on the Toxoplasma gondii strain causing the infection. To better understand its epidemiology and design appropriate control strategies, it is important to determine the strain present in infected animals. Serotyping methods are based on the detection of antibodies that react against segments of antigenic proteins presenting strain-specific polymorphic variations, offering a cost-effective, sensitive, and non-invasive alternative to genotyping techniques. Herein, we evaluated the applicability of a panel of peptides previously characterized in mice and humans to serotype sheep and pigs. To this end, we used 51 serum samples from experimentally infected ewes (32 type II and 19 type III), 20 sheep samples from naturally infected sheep where the causative strain was genotyped (18 type II and 2 type III), and 40 serum samples from experimentally infected pigs (22 type II and 18 type III). Our ELISA test results showed that a combination of GRA peptide homologous pairs can discriminate infections caused by type II and III strains of T. gondiiin sheep and pigs. Namely, the GRA3-I/III-43 vs. GRA3-II-43, GRA6-I/III-213 vs. GRA6-II-214 and GRA6-III-44 vs. GRA6-II-44 ratios showed a statistically significant predominance of the respective strain-type peptide in sheep, while in pigs, in addition to these three peptide pairs, GRA7-II-224 vs. GRA7-III-224 also showed promising results. Notably, the GRA6-44 pair, which was previously deemed inefficient in mice and humans, showed a high prediction capacity, especially in sheep. By contrast, GRA5-38 peptides failed to correctly predict the strain type in most sheep and pig samples, underpinning the notion that individual standardization is needed for each animal species. Finally, we recommend analyzing for each animal at least 2 samples taken at different time points to confirm the obtained results
| 2024 | |
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Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación TOXOSOURCES European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (773830) “Atracción de talento de la Comunidad de Madrid modalidad 2” grant from the Community ofMadrid, Spain (2020-T2/BIO-19840) “Atracción de talento de la Comunidad deMadrid modalidad 2” (2020- T2/BIO-19840) European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme UNA4CAREER under the Marie Skłodowska- Curie grant agreement No 847635. UCM-Santander/2018 predoctoral fellowship CT42/18-CT43/18. |
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Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma gondii strain Serotyping ELISA GRA Ciencias Naturales y Exactas Ciencias Biológicas Biología Celular, Microbiología |
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| Inglés | |
| Institut Pasteur de Montevideo | |
| IPMON en REDI | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/5197
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393 |
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| Acceso abierto | |
| Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional. (CC BY-SA) |
| _version_ | 1873395556016979968 |
|---|---|
| author | Arranz-Solís, David |
| author2 | Tana, Leandro R Tejerina-de-Uribe, Eduardo López-Ureña, Nadia María Koudela, Břetislav Francia, María E Ortega-Mora, Luis Miguel Álvarez-García, Gema |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Arranz-Solís, David Tana, Leandro R Tejerina-de-Uribe, Eduardo López-Ureña, Nadia María Koudela, Břetislav Francia, María E Ortega-Mora, Luis Miguel Álvarez-García, Gema |
| author_role | author |
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| bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv | MD5 MD5 |
| bitstream.url.fl_str_mv | https://redi.anii.org.uy/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12381/5197/2/license.txt https://redi.anii.org.uy/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12381/5197/1/2024_Arranz-Solis_Serotyping_fcimb.2024.1384393.pdf |
| collection | IPMON en REDI |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Arranz-Solís, David Tana, Leandro R Tejerina-de-Uribe, Eduardo López-Ureña, Nadia María Koudela, Břetislav Francia, María E Ortega-Mora, Luis Miguel Álvarez-García, Gema |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-08-19T14:48:43Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-08-19T14:48:43Z |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv | 2024-04-23 |
| dc.description.abstract.none.fl_txt_mv | The clinical consequences of toxoplasmosis are greatly dependent on the Toxoplasma gondii strain causing the infection. To better understand its epidemiology and design appropriate control strategies, it is important to determine the strain present in infected animals. Serotyping methods are based on the detection of antibodies that react against segments of antigenic proteins presenting strain-specific polymorphic variations, offering a cost-effective, sensitive, and non-invasive alternative to genotyping techniques. Herein, we evaluated the applicability of a panel of peptides previously characterized in mice and humans to serotype sheep and pigs. To this end, we used 51 serum samples from experimentally infected ewes (32 type II and 19 type III), 20 sheep samples from naturally infected sheep where the causative strain was genotyped (18 type II and 2 type III), and 40 serum samples from experimentally infected pigs (22 type II and 18 type III). Our ELISA test results showed that a combination of GRA peptide homologous pairs can discriminate infections caused by type II and III strains of T. gondiiin sheep and pigs. Namely, the GRA3-I/III-43 vs. GRA3-II-43, GRA6-I/III-213 vs. GRA6-II-214 and GRA6-III-44 vs. GRA6-II-44 ratios showed a statistically significant predominance of the respective strain-type peptide in sheep, while in pigs, in addition to these three peptide pairs, GRA7-II-224 vs. GRA7-III-224 also showed promising results. Notably, the GRA6-44 pair, which was previously deemed inefficient in mice and humans, showed a high prediction capacity, especially in sheep. By contrast, GRA5-38 peptides failed to correctly predict the strain type in most sheep and pig samples, underpinning the notion that individual standardization is needed for each animal species. Finally, we recommend analyzing for each animal at least 2 samples taken at different time points to confirm the obtained results |
| dc.description.sponsorship.none.fl_txt_mv | Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación TOXOSOURCES European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (773830) “Atracción de talento de la Comunidad de Madrid modalidad 2” grant from the Community ofMadrid, Spain (2020-T2/BIO-19840) “Atracción de talento de la Comunidad deMadrid modalidad 2” (2020- T2/BIO-19840) European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme UNA4CAREER under the Marie Skłodowska- Curie grant agreement No 847635. UCM-Santander/2018 predoctoral fellowship CT42/18-CT43/18. |
| dc.identifier.anii.es.fl_str_mv | MOV_CA_2021_1_171745 POS_FSSA_2020_1_1010115 FSSA_1_2019_1_159912 |
| dc.identifier.citation.es.fl_str_mv | Arranz-Solís D, Tana LR, Tejerina-de-Uribe E, López-Ureña NM, Koudela B, Francia ME, Ortega-Mora LM and Álvarez-García G (2024) A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 14:1384393. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393 |
| dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv | https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393 |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/5197 |
| dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv | eng |
| dc.publisher.es.fl_str_mv | Frontiers Media SA |
| dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv | Acceso abierto |
| dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv | Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional. (CC BY-SA) |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.source.es.fl_str_mv | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | reponame:IPMON en REDI instname:Institut Pasteur de Montevideo instacron:Institut Pasteur de Montevideo |
| dc.subject.anii.none.fl_str_mv | Ciencias Naturales y Exactas Ciencias Biológicas Biología Celular, Microbiología |
| dc.subject.es.fl_str_mv | Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma gondii strain Serotyping ELISA GRA |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs |
| dc.type.es.fl_str_mv | Artículo |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| dc.type.version.es.fl_str_mv | Publicado |
| dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| description | The clinical consequences of toxoplasmosis are greatly dependent on the Toxoplasma gondii strain causing the infection. To better understand its epidemiology and design appropriate control strategies, it is important to determine the strain present in infected animals. Serotyping methods are based on the detection of antibodies that react against segments of antigenic proteins presenting strain-specific polymorphic variations, offering a cost-effective, sensitive, and non-invasive alternative to genotyping techniques. Herein, we evaluated the applicability of a panel of peptides previously characterized in mice and humans to serotype sheep and pigs. To this end, we used 51 serum samples from experimentally infected ewes (32 type II and 19 type III), 20 sheep samples from naturally infected sheep where the causative strain was genotyped (18 type II and 2 type III), and 40 serum samples from experimentally infected pigs (22 type II and 18 type III). Our ELISA test results showed that a combination of GRA peptide homologous pairs can discriminate infections caused by type II and III strains of T. gondiiin sheep and pigs. Namely, the GRA3-I/III-43 vs. GRA3-II-43, GRA6-I/III-213 vs. GRA6-II-214 and GRA6-III-44 vs. GRA6-II-44 ratios showed a statistically significant predominance of the respective strain-type peptide in sheep, while in pigs, in addition to these three peptide pairs, GRA7-II-224 vs. GRA7-III-224 also showed promising results. Notably, the GRA6-44 pair, which was previously deemed inefficient in mice and humans, showed a high prediction capacity, especially in sheep. By contrast, GRA5-38 peptides failed to correctly predict the strain type in most sheep and pig samples, underpinning the notion that individual standardization is needed for each animal species. Finally, we recommend analyzing for each animal at least 2 samples taken at different time points to confirm the obtained results |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | IPMON_74803db5cd51c4f16776d21037a0af0f |
| identifier_str_mv | Arranz-Solís D, Tana LR, Tejerina-de-Uribe E, López-Ureña NM, Koudela B, Francia ME, Ortega-Mora LM and Álvarez-García G (2024) A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 14:1384393. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393 MOV_CA_2021_1_171745 POS_FSSA_2020_1_1010115 FSSA_1_2019_1_159912 |
| instacron_str | Institut Pasteur de Montevideo |
| institution | Institut Pasteur de Montevideo |
| instname_str | Institut Pasteur de Montevideo |
| language | eng |
| network_acronym_str | IPMON |
| network_name_str | IPMON en REDI |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:redi.anii.org.uy:20.500.12381/5197 |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| reponame_str | IPMON en REDI |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | msarroca@pasteur.edu.uy |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | IPMON en REDI - Institut Pasteur de Montevideo |
| repository_id_str | 9421_2 |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional. (CC BY-SA) Acceso abierto |
| spelling | Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional. (CC BY-SA)Acceso abiertoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2025-08-19T14:48:43Z2025-08-19T14:48:43Z2024-04-23Arranz-Solís D, Tana LR, Tejerina-de-Uribe E, López-Ureña NM, Koudela B, Francia ME, Ortega-Mora LM and Álvarez-García G (2024) A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 14:1384393. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/5197MOV_CA_2021_1_171745POS_FSSA_2020_1_1010115FSSA_1_2019_1_159912https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393The clinical consequences of toxoplasmosis are greatly dependent on the Toxoplasma gondii strain causing the infection. To better understand its epidemiology and design appropriate control strategies, it is important to determine the strain present in infected animals. Serotyping methods are based on the detection of antibodies that react against segments of antigenic proteins presenting strain-specific polymorphic variations, offering a cost-effective, sensitive, and non-invasive alternative to genotyping techniques. Herein, we evaluated the applicability of a panel of peptides previously characterized in mice and humans to serotype sheep and pigs. To this end, we used 51 serum samples from experimentally infected ewes (32 type II and 19 type III), 20 sheep samples from naturally infected sheep where the causative strain was genotyped (18 type II and 2 type III), and 40 serum samples from experimentally infected pigs (22 type II and 18 type III). Our ELISA test results showed that a combination of GRA peptide homologous pairs can discriminate infections caused by type II and III strains of T. gondiiin sheep and pigs. Namely, the GRA3-I/III-43 vs. GRA3-II-43, GRA6-I/III-213 vs. GRA6-II-214 and GRA6-III-44 vs. GRA6-II-44 ratios showed a statistically significant predominance of the respective strain-type peptide in sheep, while in pigs, in addition to these three peptide pairs, GRA7-II-224 vs. GRA7-III-224 also showed promising results. Notably, the GRA6-44 pair, which was previously deemed inefficient in mice and humans, showed a high prediction capacity, especially in sheep. By contrast, GRA5-38 peptides failed to correctly predict the strain type in most sheep and pig samples, underpinning the notion that individual standardization is needed for each animal species. Finally, we recommend analyzing for each animal at least 2 samples taken at different time points to confirm the obtained resultsAgencia Nacional de Investigación e InnovaciónTOXOSOURCESEuropean Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (773830)“Atracción de talento de la Comunidad de Madrid modalidad 2” grant from the Community ofMadrid, Spain (2020-T2/BIO-19840)“Atracción de talento de la Comunidad deMadrid modalidad 2” (2020- T2/BIO-19840)European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme UNA4CAREER under the Marie Skłodowska- Curie grant agreement No 847635.UCM-Santander/2018 predoctoral fellowship CT42/18-CT43/18.engFrontiers Media SAFrontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiologyreponame:IPMON en REDIinstname:Institut Pasteur de Montevideoinstacron:Institut Pasteur de MontevideoToxoplasmosisToxoplasma gondii strainSerotypingELISAGRACiencias Naturales y ExactasCiencias BiológicasBiología Celular, MicrobiologíaA combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigsArtículoPublicadoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleInstitut Pasteur de Montevideo, Laboratory of Apicomplexan Biology, UruguayComplutense University of Madrid, SALUVET group, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Animal Health Department, Madrid, SpainUniversity of Veterinary Sciences, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno, CzechiaUniversity of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Brno, CzechiaVeterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czechia//Ciencias Naturales y Exactas/Ciencias Biológicas/Biología Celular, MicrobiologíaArranz-Solís, DavidTana, Leandro RTejerina-de-Uribe, EduardoLópez-Ureña, Nadia MaríaKoudela, BřetislavFrancia, María EOrtega-Mora, Luis MiguelÁlvarez-García, GemaLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-85124https://redi.anii.org.uy/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12381/5197/2/license.txt710ccfef5cb01d54b75d1d847d6b6b7bMD52ORIGINAL2024_Arranz-Solis_Serotyping_fcimb.2024.1384393.pdf2024_Arranz-Solis_Serotyping_fcimb.2024.1384393.pdfapplication/pdf7955610https://redi.anii.org.uy/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12381/5197/1/2024_Arranz-Solis_Serotyping_fcimb.2024.1384393.pdfb60287a1d8fdf986461e3458cf33861aMD5120.500.12381/51972025-08-19 11:48:44.361oai:redi.anii.org.uy:20.500.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://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/575Organismo científico-tecnológicohttps://pasteur.uy/https://redi.anii.org.uy/oai/requestmsarroca@pasteur.edu.uyUruguayopendoar:9421_22025-08-19T14:48:44IPMON en REDI - Institut Pasteur de Montevideofalse |
| spellingShingle | A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs Arranz-Solís, David Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma gondii strain Serotyping ELISA GRA Ciencias Naturales y Exactas Ciencias Biológicas Biología Celular, Microbiología |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs |
| title_full | A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs |
| title_fullStr | A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs |
| title_short | A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs |
| title_sort | A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs |
| topic | Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma gondii strain Serotyping ELISA GRA Ciencias Naturales y Exactas Ciencias Biológicas Biología Celular, Microbiología |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/5197 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393 |