A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs

Arranz-Solís, David - Tana, Leandro R - Tejerina-de-Uribe, Eduardo - López-Ureña, Nadia María - Koudela, Břetislav - Francia, María E - Ortega-Mora, Luis Miguel - Álvarez-García, Gema

Resumen:

The clinical consequences of toxoplasmosis are greatly dependent on the Toxoplasma gondii strain causing the infection. To better understand its epidemiology and design appropriate control strategies, it is important to determine the strain present in infected animals. Serotyping methods are based on the detection of antibodies that react against segments of antigenic proteins presenting strain-specific polymorphic variations, offering a cost-effective, sensitive, and non-invasive alternative to genotyping techniques. Herein, we evaluated the applicability of a panel of peptides previously characterized in mice and humans to serotype sheep and pigs. To this end, we used 51 serum samples from experimentally infected ewes (32 type II and 19 type III), 20 sheep samples from naturally infected sheep where the causative strain was genotyped (18 type II and 2 type III), and 40 serum samples from experimentally infected pigs (22 type II and 18 type III). Our ELISA test results showed that a combination of GRA peptide homologous pairs can discriminate infections caused by type II and III strains of T. gondiiin sheep and pigs. Namely, the GRA3-I/III-43 vs. GRA3-II-43, GRA6-I/III-213 vs. GRA6-II-214 and GRA6-III-44 vs. GRA6-II-44 ratios showed a statistically significant predominance of the respective strain-type peptide in sheep, while in pigs, in addition to these three peptide pairs, GRA7-II-224 vs. GRA7-III-224 also showed promising results. Notably, the GRA6-44 pair, which was previously deemed inefficient in mice and humans, showed a high prediction capacity, especially in sheep. By contrast, GRA5-38 peptides failed to correctly predict the strain type in most sheep and pig samples, underpinning the notion that individual standardization is needed for each animal species. Finally, we recommend analyzing for each animal at least 2 samples taken at different time points to confirm the obtained results

Detalles Bibliográficos
2024
Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación
TOXOSOURCES
European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (773830)
“Atracción de talento de la Comunidad de Madrid modalidad 2” grant from the Community ofMadrid, Spain (2020-T2/BIO-19840)
“Atracción de talento de la Comunidad deMadrid modalidad 2” (2020- T2/BIO-19840)
European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme UNA4CAREER under the Marie Skłodowska- Curie grant agreement No 847635.
UCM-Santander/2018 predoctoral fellowship CT42/18-CT43/18.
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasma gondii strain
Serotyping
ELISA
GRA
Ciencias Naturales y Exactas
Ciencias Biológicas
Biología Celular, Microbiología
Inglés
Institut Pasteur de Montevideo
IPMON en REDI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/5197
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393
Acceso abierto
Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional. (CC BY-SA)
_version_ 1873395556016979968
author Arranz-Solís, David
author2 Tana, Leandro R
Tejerina-de-Uribe, Eduardo
López-Ureña, Nadia María
Koudela, Břetislav
Francia, María E
Ortega-Mora, Luis Miguel
Álvarez-García, Gema
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author_facet Arranz-Solís, David
Tana, Leandro R
Tejerina-de-Uribe, Eduardo
López-Ureña, Nadia María
Koudela, Břetislav
Francia, María E
Ortega-Mora, Luis Miguel
Álvarez-García, Gema
author_role author
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 710ccfef5cb01d54b75d1d847d6b6b7b
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bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
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bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://redi.anii.org.uy/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12381/5197/2/license.txt
https://redi.anii.org.uy/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12381/5197/1/2024_Arranz-Solis_Serotyping_fcimb.2024.1384393.pdf
collection IPMON en REDI
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Arranz-Solís, David
Tana, Leandro R
Tejerina-de-Uribe, Eduardo
López-Ureña, Nadia María
Koudela, Břetislav
Francia, María E
Ortega-Mora, Luis Miguel
Álvarez-García, Gema
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2025-08-19T14:48:43Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2025-08-19T14:48:43Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2024-04-23
dc.description.abstract.none.fl_txt_mv The clinical consequences of toxoplasmosis are greatly dependent on the Toxoplasma gondii strain causing the infection. To better understand its epidemiology and design appropriate control strategies, it is important to determine the strain present in infected animals. Serotyping methods are based on the detection of antibodies that react against segments of antigenic proteins presenting strain-specific polymorphic variations, offering a cost-effective, sensitive, and non-invasive alternative to genotyping techniques. Herein, we evaluated the applicability of a panel of peptides previously characterized in mice and humans to serotype sheep and pigs. To this end, we used 51 serum samples from experimentally infected ewes (32 type II and 19 type III), 20 sheep samples from naturally infected sheep where the causative strain was genotyped (18 type II and 2 type III), and 40 serum samples from experimentally infected pigs (22 type II and 18 type III). Our ELISA test results showed that a combination of GRA peptide homologous pairs can discriminate infections caused by type II and III strains of T. gondiiin sheep and pigs. Namely, the GRA3-I/III-43 vs. GRA3-II-43, GRA6-I/III-213 vs. GRA6-II-214 and GRA6-III-44 vs. GRA6-II-44 ratios showed a statistically significant predominance of the respective strain-type peptide in sheep, while in pigs, in addition to these three peptide pairs, GRA7-II-224 vs. GRA7-III-224 also showed promising results. Notably, the GRA6-44 pair, which was previously deemed inefficient in mice and humans, showed a high prediction capacity, especially in sheep. By contrast, GRA5-38 peptides failed to correctly predict the strain type in most sheep and pig samples, underpinning the notion that individual standardization is needed for each animal species. Finally, we recommend analyzing for each animal at least 2 samples taken at different time points to confirm the obtained results
dc.description.sponsorship.none.fl_txt_mv Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación
TOXOSOURCES
European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (773830)
“Atracción de talento de la Comunidad de Madrid modalidad 2” grant from the Community ofMadrid, Spain (2020-T2/BIO-19840)
“Atracción de talento de la Comunidad deMadrid modalidad 2” (2020- T2/BIO-19840)
European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme UNA4CAREER under the Marie Skłodowska- Curie grant agreement No 847635.
UCM-Santander/2018 predoctoral fellowship CT42/18-CT43/18.
dc.identifier.anii.es.fl_str_mv MOV_CA_2021_1_171745
POS_FSSA_2020_1_1010115
FSSA_1_2019_1_159912
dc.identifier.citation.es.fl_str_mv Arranz-Solís D, Tana LR, Tejerina-de-Uribe E, López-Ureña NM, Koudela B, Francia ME, Ortega-Mora LM and Álvarez-García G (2024) A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 14:1384393. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/5197
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
dc.publisher.es.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media SA
dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv Acceso abierto
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional. (CC BY-SA)
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.source.es.fl_str_mv Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:IPMON en REDI
instname:Institut Pasteur de Montevideo
instacron:Institut Pasteur de Montevideo
dc.subject.anii.none.fl_str_mv Ciencias Naturales y Exactas
Ciencias Biológicas
Biología Celular, Microbiología
dc.subject.es.fl_str_mv Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasma gondii strain
Serotyping
ELISA
GRA
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs
dc.type.es.fl_str_mv Artículo
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.version.es.fl_str_mv Publicado
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
description The clinical consequences of toxoplasmosis are greatly dependent on the Toxoplasma gondii strain causing the infection. To better understand its epidemiology and design appropriate control strategies, it is important to determine the strain present in infected animals. Serotyping methods are based on the detection of antibodies that react against segments of antigenic proteins presenting strain-specific polymorphic variations, offering a cost-effective, sensitive, and non-invasive alternative to genotyping techniques. Herein, we evaluated the applicability of a panel of peptides previously characterized in mice and humans to serotype sheep and pigs. To this end, we used 51 serum samples from experimentally infected ewes (32 type II and 19 type III), 20 sheep samples from naturally infected sheep where the causative strain was genotyped (18 type II and 2 type III), and 40 serum samples from experimentally infected pigs (22 type II and 18 type III). Our ELISA test results showed that a combination of GRA peptide homologous pairs can discriminate infections caused by type II and III strains of T. gondiiin sheep and pigs. Namely, the GRA3-I/III-43 vs. GRA3-II-43, GRA6-I/III-213 vs. GRA6-II-214 and GRA6-III-44 vs. GRA6-II-44 ratios showed a statistically significant predominance of the respective strain-type peptide in sheep, while in pigs, in addition to these three peptide pairs, GRA7-II-224 vs. GRA7-III-224 also showed promising results. Notably, the GRA6-44 pair, which was previously deemed inefficient in mice and humans, showed a high prediction capacity, especially in sheep. By contrast, GRA5-38 peptides failed to correctly predict the strain type in most sheep and pig samples, underpinning the notion that individual standardization is needed for each animal species. Finally, we recommend analyzing for each animal at least 2 samples taken at different time points to confirm the obtained results
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
format article
id IPMON_74803db5cd51c4f16776d21037a0af0f
identifier_str_mv Arranz-Solís D, Tana LR, Tejerina-de-Uribe E, López-Ureña NM, Koudela B, Francia ME, Ortega-Mora LM and Álvarez-García G (2024) A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 14:1384393. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393
MOV_CA_2021_1_171745
POS_FSSA_2020_1_1010115
FSSA_1_2019_1_159912
instacron_str Institut Pasteur de Montevideo
institution Institut Pasteur de Montevideo
instname_str Institut Pasteur de Montevideo
language eng
network_acronym_str IPMON
network_name_str IPMON en REDI
oai_identifier_str oai:redi.anii.org.uy:20.500.12381/5197
publishDate 2024
reponame_str IPMON en REDI
repository.mail.fl_str_mv msarroca@pasteur.edu.uy
repository.name.fl_str_mv IPMON en REDI - Institut Pasteur de Montevideo
repository_id_str 9421_2
rights_invalid_str_mv Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional. (CC BY-SA)
Acceso abierto
spelling Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional. (CC BY-SA)Acceso abiertoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2025-08-19T14:48:43Z2025-08-19T14:48:43Z2024-04-23Arranz-Solís D, Tana LR, Tejerina-de-Uribe E, López-Ureña NM, Koudela B, Francia ME, Ortega-Mora LM and Álvarez-García G (2024) A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 14:1384393. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/5197MOV_CA_2021_1_171745POS_FSSA_2020_1_1010115FSSA_1_2019_1_159912https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393The clinical consequences of toxoplasmosis are greatly dependent on the Toxoplasma gondii strain causing the infection. To better understand its epidemiology and design appropriate control strategies, it is important to determine the strain present in infected animals. Serotyping methods are based on the detection of antibodies that react against segments of antigenic proteins presenting strain-specific polymorphic variations, offering a cost-effective, sensitive, and non-invasive alternative to genotyping techniques. Herein, we evaluated the applicability of a panel of peptides previously characterized in mice and humans to serotype sheep and pigs. To this end, we used 51 serum samples from experimentally infected ewes (32 type II and 19 type III), 20 sheep samples from naturally infected sheep where the causative strain was genotyped (18 type II and 2 type III), and 40 serum samples from experimentally infected pigs (22 type II and 18 type III). Our ELISA test results showed that a combination of GRA peptide homologous pairs can discriminate infections caused by type II and III strains of T. gondiiin sheep and pigs. Namely, the GRA3-I/III-43 vs. GRA3-II-43, GRA6-I/III-213 vs. GRA6-II-214 and GRA6-III-44 vs. GRA6-II-44 ratios showed a statistically significant predominance of the respective strain-type peptide in sheep, while in pigs, in addition to these three peptide pairs, GRA7-II-224 vs. GRA7-III-224 also showed promising results. Notably, the GRA6-44 pair, which was previously deemed inefficient in mice and humans, showed a high prediction capacity, especially in sheep. By contrast, GRA5-38 peptides failed to correctly predict the strain type in most sheep and pig samples, underpinning the notion that individual standardization is needed for each animal species. Finally, we recommend analyzing for each animal at least 2 samples taken at different time points to confirm the obtained resultsAgencia Nacional de Investigación e InnovaciónTOXOSOURCESEuropean Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (773830)“Atracción de talento de la Comunidad de Madrid modalidad 2” grant from the Community ofMadrid, Spain (2020-T2/BIO-19840)“Atracción de talento de la Comunidad deMadrid modalidad 2” (2020- T2/BIO-19840)European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme UNA4CAREER under the Marie Skłodowska- Curie grant agreement No 847635.UCM-Santander/2018 predoctoral fellowship CT42/18-CT43/18.engFrontiers Media SAFrontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiologyreponame:IPMON en REDIinstname:Institut Pasteur de Montevideoinstacron:Institut Pasteur de MontevideoToxoplasmosisToxoplasma gondii strainSerotypingELISAGRACiencias Naturales y ExactasCiencias BiológicasBiología Celular, MicrobiologíaA combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigsArtículoPublicadoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleInstitut Pasteur de Montevideo, Laboratory of Apicomplexan Biology, UruguayComplutense University of Madrid, SALUVET group, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Animal Health Department, Madrid, SpainUniversity of Veterinary Sciences, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno, CzechiaUniversity of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Brno, CzechiaVeterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czechia//Ciencias Naturales y Exactas/Ciencias Biológicas/Biología Celular, MicrobiologíaArranz-Solís, DavidTana, Leandro RTejerina-de-Uribe, EduardoLópez-Ureña, Nadia MaríaKoudela, BřetislavFrancia, María EOrtega-Mora, Luis MiguelÁlvarez-García, GemaLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-85124https://redi.anii.org.uy/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12381/5197/2/license.txt710ccfef5cb01d54b75d1d847d6b6b7bMD52ORIGINAL2024_Arranz-Solis_Serotyping_fcimb.2024.1384393.pdf2024_Arranz-Solis_Serotyping_fcimb.2024.1384393.pdfapplication/pdf7955610https://redi.anii.org.uy/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12381/5197/1/2024_Arranz-Solis_Serotyping_fcimb.2024.1384393.pdfb60287a1d8fdf986461e3458cf33861aMD5120.500.12381/51972025-08-19 11:48:44.361oai:redi.anii.org.uy:20.500.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://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/575Organismo científico-tecnológicohttps://pasteur.uy/https://redi.anii.org.uy/oai/requestmsarroca@pasteur.edu.uyUruguayopendoar:9421_22025-08-19T14:48:44IPMON en REDI - Institut Pasteur de Montevideofalse
spellingShingle A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs
Arranz-Solís, David
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasma gondii strain
Serotyping
ELISA
GRA
Ciencias Naturales y Exactas
Ciencias Biológicas
Biología Celular, Microbiología
status_str publishedVersion
title A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs
title_full A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs
title_fullStr A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs
title_full_unstemmed A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs
title_short A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs
title_sort A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and III Toxoplasma gondii infections in sheep and pigs
topic Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasma gondii strain
Serotyping
ELISA
GRA
Ciencias Naturales y Exactas
Ciencias Biológicas
Biología Celular, Microbiología
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12381/5197
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384393