Environmental impact and sustainability of agricultural systems and management practices leading to climate change mitigationare one of the most relevant issues to agricultural production nowadays. Mitigation is the process of reducing emissions orenhancing sinks of greenhouse gases (GHG), to limit global warming potential and restrict future climate change. The mostrelevant GHG are Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4) and Nitrous Oxide (N2O). The steady increase of its concentrationsin the atmosphere over several decades has led to enhance global warming. CH4 and N2O are the most relevant GHG emittedmainly in the agricultural sector. It is well known that water management has great impact on GHG emissions from rice paddyfields. One of the most important tools for rice crop production and mitigation of CH4 emission is the controlled irrigation.However, it could result in a N2O emission increase and reduced rice yields. For these reasons, it is remarkably important toassess the tradeoff relationship between both GHG and the effect on rice productivity. A 3 year field experiment with two differentirrigation systems was set at southeast of Uruguay. Conventional water management (continuous flooding after 30 days ofemergence, CF30) and an alternative irrigation system (controlled deficit irrigation allowing wetting and drying, AWDI) werecompared. The objective was to study the effect of water management on GHG emission, water productivity and rice yields inorder to identify strategies for further progress in sustainable intensification of Uruguayan rice. Results showed that meancumulative CH4 emission values for AWDI were 55% lower than CF30 systems; on the other hand, there were no significantdifferences in N2O emission among systems. Significant yield differences were not observed in two of the rice seasons, whileAWDI recorded a significant yield reduction in one of them. Total irrigation water applied and irrigation water productivity did notshowed differences in two of the rice seasons, while CF30 reported a higher amount of water applied and lower waterproductivity in one of the seasons. It can be concluded that AWDI could be an option to enhance water productivity and GHGemission mitigation. However, grain yield can be compromised in AWDI systems. The adoption of these technology is basedon the indispensable assess of an overall tradeoff between the risk of possible yield losses, total water used and GHGemissions.