Soil sampling depth and phosphorus extraction method for phosphorus in leguminous pastures

Profundidad de muestreo del suelo y método de extracción de fósforo en pasturas de leguminosas

Profundidade de amostragem e método de extração de fósforo em solos com pastagens de leguminosas

Cuadro, Robin

Editor(es): Barbazán, Mónica M.

Resumen:

The current guidelines and recommendations for P fertilization in Uruguay can be improved by adjusting the sampling depth and analytical methods of testing soil P in pastures with different fertilization history. A set of field trials was conducted between 2008 and 2012 on 14 sites of Uruguay for the purpose of comparing two sampling depths and three methods for assessing P availability by their correlation with annual dry matter yield response. The trials had a randomized complete block design and were sown with Trifolium repens or Lotus corniculatus. Soil P availability was determined by sampling 0-7.5 and 0-15 cm depth using three analytical methods: Bray I, cationic resins, and citric acid. Rock phosphate and triple superphosphate were applied at five P rates. (0-240 kg kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹). Annual forage yield was recorded. Relative yield was calculated as measured yield/maximum yield observed within a block. The correlation between relative yield and soil P availability was studied using the modified arcsine-logarithm calibration curve (ALCC) and analyzing the resulting correlation coefficient, root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the soil P test, and RMSE of the relative yield. The 0-7.5 cm soil sampling depth did not show a better fit than the deeper sampling (0-15 cm), with the latter having less variation in soil P test values. When rock phosphate was used, the correlation coefficients were 0.50 for cationic resins, 0.53 for citric acid, and 0.38 for Bray I. When triple superphosphate was used, the correlation coefficients were 0.37 for cationic resins, 0.44 for citric acid and 0.43 for Bray I. For both P sources, the citric acid method with the sampling of 0-15 cm soil depth is the preferred soil P test method for management of P in leguminous pastures for the soils studied.


En Uruguay, se reconoce que las pautas y las recomendaciones vigentes para la fertilización fosfatada de pasturas pueden mejorarse a través de un ajuste de la profundidad de muestreo y los métodos analíticos para determinar el fósforo (P) extractable en suelo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar dos profundidades de muestreo y tres métodos de extracción de P en suelo, a través de su correlación con la respuesta vegetal. Los experimentos fueron realizados entre los años 2008 y 2012, en 14 sitios de Uruguay, sobre pasturas de Trifolium repens y Lotus corniculatus fertilizadas con roca fosfórica y superfosfato triple. Se determinó anualmente la disponibilidad de P en el suelo a 0-7,5 y 0-15 cm de profundidad, con tres métodos analíticos: Bray I, resinas catiónicas y ácido cítrico. Se midió anualmente el rendimiento de forraje. La profundidad de muestreo del suelo 0-7,5 cm no mostró un mejor ajuste que el muestreo más profundo (0-15 cm), teniendo este último una menor variación en los valores de análisis de suelo. Cuando se usó roca fosfórica, los coeficientes de correlación fueron 0,50 para resinas catiónicas, 0,53 para ácido cítrico y 0,38 para Bray I. Cuando se usó superfosfato triple, los coeficientes de correlación fueron 0,37 para resinas catiónicas, 0,44 para ácido cítrico y 0,43 para Bray I. Para ambas fuentes de P, el método de ácido cítrico, con muestreo de 0-15 cm de profundidad, es el que mejor se ajusta en la determinación del P extractable, para el conjunto de los suelos evaluados.


No Uruguai, é reconhecido que os parâmetros e recomendações vigentes para a fertilização fosfatada de pastagens podem ser aprimoradas através de um ajuste da profundidade de amostragem e dos métodos analíticos para determinar fósforo (P) extraível do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar duas profundidades de amostragem e três métodos de extração de P do solo e correlacionar com a resposta vegetal. Os experimentos foram realizados entre os anos de 2008 e 2012, em 14 campos de Uruguai, sobre pastagens formadas por Trifolium repens e Lotus corniculatus, fertilizadas com rocha fosfatada e superfosfato triplo. Anualmente foi determinada a disponibilidade de P em diferentes profundidades do solo, 0-7,5 e 0-15 cm, com três métodos de analíticos: Bray I, resinas catiônicas e ácido cítrico; além do rendimento de forragem. A profundidade de amostragem do solo de 0-7,5 cm não mostrou melhor correlação com a resposta vegetal na comparação com amostragem mais profunda (0-15 cm), apresentando esta última menor variação nos valores das análises de solo. Quando foi usado rocha fosfatada, os coeficientes de correlação foram 0.50 para resina catiônica, 0.53 para acido cítrico e 0.38 para Bray I. Entretanto, quando usado superfosfato triplo, os coeficientes de correlação foram 0.37, 0.44 e 0.43 para os métodos de resina catiônica, acido cítrico e Bray I, respectivamente. Para ambas as fontes de P o método de acido cítrico, com amostragem de 0-15 cm de profundidade, foi o que melhor se ajustou a determinação de P extraível, em os solos avaliados.


Detalles Bibliográficos
2022
Bray I
Resina catiónica
Ácido cítrico
Correlación
Pasturas
Cationic resin
Citric acid
Correlation
Pastures
Soil P test
Resina catiônica
Correlação
Pastagens
Inglés
Universidad de la República
COLIBRI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/30961
Acceso abierto
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)
Resumen:
Sumario:The current guidelines and recommendations for P fertilization in Uruguay can be improved by adjusting the sampling depth and analytical methods of testing soil P in pastures with different fertilization history. A set of field trials was conducted between 2008 and 2012 on 14 sites of Uruguay for the purpose of comparing two sampling depths and three methods for assessing P availability by their correlation with annual dry matter yield response. The trials had a randomized complete block design and were sown with Trifolium repens or Lotus corniculatus. Soil P availability was determined by sampling 0-7.5 and 0-15 cm depth using three analytical methods: Bray I, cationic resins, and citric acid. Rock phosphate and triple superphosphate were applied at five P rates. (0-240 kg kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹). Annual forage yield was recorded. Relative yield was calculated as measured yield/maximum yield observed within a block. The correlation between relative yield and soil P availability was studied using the modified arcsine-logarithm calibration curve (ALCC) and analyzing the resulting correlation coefficient, root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the soil P test, and RMSE of the relative yield. The 0-7.5 cm soil sampling depth did not show a better fit than the deeper sampling (0-15 cm), with the latter having less variation in soil P test values. When rock phosphate was used, the correlation coefficients were 0.50 for cationic resins, 0.53 for citric acid, and 0.38 for Bray I. When triple superphosphate was used, the correlation coefficients were 0.37 for cationic resins, 0.44 for citric acid and 0.43 for Bray I. For both P sources, the citric acid method with the sampling of 0-15 cm soil depth is the preferred soil P test method for management of P in leguminous pastures for the soils studied.