Assessment of cellulose nanocrystals as mechanical reinforcement paper additives

Laborda Turrión, Ignacio Agustín

Supervisor(es): Otero D’Almeida Lamardo, Maria Luiza

Resumen:

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are nanosized crystals of cellulose chains that can be extracted from several cellulose source and exhibit mechanical properties superior to Kevlar or glass fiber. These CNC were isolated using sulfuric acid hydrolysis from bleached Eucalyptus spp. Kraft pulp with high yield (> 70 %). CNC were successfully neutralized using a sequence of short centrifugation washing steps, drying in a transparent rigid polymer. The CNC were chemically modified at its surface prior to be used as additive to improve the mechanical properties of paper sheets. The addition of CNC obtained from three different conditions (after hydrolysis, after alkalinization and after oxidation with potassium meta periodate) were added in three levels to the paper. The results showed that acid and alkalinized CNC did not provoke a significant nor incremental increase in mechanical properties; but oxidized CNC addition results in large and continuous improvement of the mechanical properties, specially Tensile Index, Burst Index, and Folding Endurance.


Los nanocristales de celulosa (CNC) son estructuras en el rango de los nanómetros conformadas por cadenas de celulosa empaquetadas con orden cristalino, y exhiben algunas propiedades mecánicas superiores al Kevlar o a la fibra de vidrio. Estos CNC se aislaron de pulpa Kraft blanqueada de Eucalyptus spp, con alto rendimiento (> 70 %). Los nanocristales fueron neutralizados exitosamente utilizando una secuencia de lavados y centrifugaciones cortas, logrando obtener un sólido que al secarse formo un polímero rígido y transparente. Los nanocristales fueron modificados químicamente en su superficie antes de ser incorporados como aditivos para mejorar las propiedades mecánicas del papel. La adición se efectuó con tres tipos de nanocristales (como se obtuvieron luego de la hidrolisis, luego de ser alcalinizados, y luego de ser oxidados por meta periodato de potasio), en tres niveles de adición. Las pruebas mecánicas sobre el papel demostraron que la adición de cristales ácidos y alcalinizados, no lograron un incremento ni significativo ni sostenido de las propiedades mecánicas. Pero los nanocristales oxidados, provocaron un aumento claro y sostenido del desempeño mecánico, especialmente el índice de tracción, la resistencia al reventamiento, y la resistencia a pliegues.


Detalles Bibliográficos
2021
CNC
Cellulose
Nanocrystals
Kraft
Periodate
Oxidized
Reinforcement
Mechanical
Tensile
Folding
Inglés
Universidad de la República
COLIBRI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/34603
Acceso abierto
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)
Resumen:
Sumario:Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are nanosized crystals of cellulose chains that can be extracted from several cellulose source and exhibit mechanical properties superior to Kevlar or glass fiber. These CNC were isolated using sulfuric acid hydrolysis from bleached Eucalyptus spp. Kraft pulp with high yield (> 70 %). CNC were successfully neutralized using a sequence of short centrifugation washing steps, drying in a transparent rigid polymer. The CNC were chemically modified at its surface prior to be used as additive to improve the mechanical properties of paper sheets. The addition of CNC obtained from three different conditions (after hydrolysis, after alkalinization and after oxidation with potassium meta periodate) were added in three levels to the paper. The results showed that acid and alkalinized CNC did not provoke a significant nor incremental increase in mechanical properties; but oxidized CNC addition results in large and continuous improvement of the mechanical properties, specially Tensile Index, Burst Index, and Folding Endurance.