Gendered Impacts of COVID-19 on University Enrollment and Major Choices

Failache, Elisa - Katzkowicz, Noemí - Parada, Cecilia - Querejeta, Martina - Rosá, Tatiana

Resumen:

The COVID-19 pandemic affected people’s lives in several domains. This study provides evidence of the pandemic’s gendered effects on university enrollment and major choices. Using novel administrative records of university students in Uruguay, we conduct a counterfactual exercise that demonstrates a negative correlation between the COVID-19 pandemic and university enrollment. Heterogeneities across fields reveal a positive effect on enrollment in Social Sciences, yet null or even negative effects in Health and Science. These results are driven by male students. For women, we observe an increase in enrollment, particularly in Science. Notably, women are more likely to opt for Science-related majors over Social Sciences. Our results suggest that the recent crisis helped reduce the gender gap in major choices.


La pandemia de COVID-19 afectó las vidas de las personas en varios ámbitos. Este estudio proporciona evidencia de los efectos de género de la pandemia en la inscripción universitaria y las elecciones de especialidad. Utilizando registros administrativos novedosos de estudiantes universitarios en Uruguay, llevamos a cabo un ejercicio contrafactual que demuestra una correlación negativa entre la pandemia de COVID-19 y la inscripción universitaria. Las heterogeneidades entre áreas de estudio revelan un efecto positivo en la inscripción en Ciencias Sociales, sin embargo, se observan efectos nulos o incluso negativos en Salud y Ciencias. Estos resultados son impulsados por estudiantes masculinos. Para las mujeres en cambio, observamos un aumento en la inscripción, especialmente en Ciencias. En segundo lugar, nos basamos en un enfoque de doble diferencias para proporcionar evidencia sobre los impactos de género de COVID-19 en las elecciones de carreras.Las mujeres tienen más probabilidad de optar por especialidades relacionadas con las Ciencias sobre las Ciencias Sociales. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la crisis reciente ayudó a reducir la brecha de género en la elección de carreras.


Detalles Bibliográficos
2024
COVID-19
Educational gender gap
University enrollment
Major choices
ECONOMIA DE LA EDUCACION
ENSEÑANZA SUPERIOR
Inglés
Universidad de la República
COLIBRI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/44637
Acceso abierto
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)
Resumen:
Sumario:The COVID-19 pandemic affected people’s lives in several domains. This study provides evidence of the pandemic’s gendered effects on university enrollment and major choices. Using novel administrative records of university students in Uruguay, we conduct a counterfactual exercise that demonstrates a negative correlation between the COVID-19 pandemic and university enrollment. Heterogeneities across fields reveal a positive effect on enrollment in Social Sciences, yet null or even negative effects in Health and Science. These results are driven by male students. For women, we observe an increase in enrollment, particularly in Science. Notably, women are more likely to opt for Science-related majors over Social Sciences. Our results suggest that the recent crisis helped reduce the gender gap in major choices.