Technology, routinization and wage inequality : difference between men and women in the case of Uruguay

Rodríguez López, Sandra - Sanromán, Graciela

Resumen:

Technology has changed the way we work, creating and destroying employment but especially modifying the occupational tasks we must perform. This paper seeks to analyze the contribution of technology to changes in the distribution of wages in Uruguay and its differences between genders. We adress this question for the perspective of the task-based approach. We use the recentered influence function regression (RIF-Regression) decomposition method and apply it to men and women wage data for the period 2005-2015. Our estimates suggest that introducing occupational tasks linked to technology into the analysis contributes to explane changes in the distribution of wages in Uruguay during the period of the analysis. However, technology played a different role in explaining the evolution of men and women wages. While it was relativily more important to explain the reduction in wage inequality at the top end of the distribution of men wages it was more relevant to explain changes at the lower end of the dsistribution of women wages. Althought, nor men neither women wages did polarized during the period of analysis, we find that the predicted effect of the routinization hypothesis seems to be more in line with the impact of technology over the evolution of women wages.


La tecnología ha ido cambiando las formas de trabajo, creando y destruyendo puestos de trabajo pero sobretodo modificando la forma tareas necesarias para llevar adelante los mismos. Este documento busca analizar la contribución del cambio tecnológico a los cambios en la distribución salarial en Uruguay y su diferencia en el impacto sobre salarios de hombres y mujeres. Para ello adoptamos el “enfoque de tareas” y estimamos regresiones cuantílicas no condicionales sobre los salarios para 2005 y 2015. Utilizando el método de descomposición basado en regresiones de influencia recentradas (RIF-Regressions), nuestras estimaciones sugieren que incorporar las tarea s ocupacionales vinculadas a la tecnología como una variable explicativa del análisis contribuye a explicar cambios en la distribución salarial durante dicho período. Encontramos, que el rol de la tecnología ha sido diferente en la explicación de la distribución salarial de hombres y mujeres. Mientras que en el caso de los hombres ha contribuido más a explicar el crecimiento de la desigualdad en el tramo superior de la distribución en el caso de las mujeres fue más relevante para explicar los cambios en el tramo inferior. Si bien el período de análisis no registra una polarización en la distribución salarial ni de hombres ni de mujeres, encontramos que la predicción de la hipótesis de rutinización de Autor, Levy y Murnane (2003) se refleja mejor en el impacto que la tecnología ha tenido en la evolución de la distribución salarial de los salarios de las mujeres.


Detalles Bibliográficos
2019
RIF-regressions
Gender inequaliy
Occupational tasks
Technology
Wage inequality
Regresiones RIF
Tecnología
Desigualdad salarial
Desigualdad de género
CAMBIO TECNOLOGICO
DISTRIBUCION SALARIAL
GENERO
Inglés
Universidad de la República
COLIBRI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/23044
Acceso abierto
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)
Resumen:
Sumario:Technology has changed the way we work, creating and destroying employment but especially modifying the occupational tasks we must perform. This paper seeks to analyze the contribution of technology to changes in the distribution of wages in Uruguay and its differences between genders. We adress this question for the perspective of the task-based approach. We use the recentered influence function regression (RIF-Regression) decomposition method and apply it to men and women wage data for the period 2005-2015. Our estimates suggest that introducing occupational tasks linked to technology into the analysis contributes to explane changes in the distribution of wages in Uruguay during the period of the analysis. However, technology played a different role in explaining the evolution of men and women wages. While it was relativily more important to explain the reduction in wage inequality at the top end of the distribution of men wages it was more relevant to explain changes at the lower end of the dsistribution of women wages. Althought, nor men neither women wages did polarized during the period of analysis, we find that the predicted effect of the routinization hypothesis seems to be more in line with the impact of technology over the evolution of women wages.