Olive reproductive phenology in a warm and humid region of Santa Catarina, Brazil

Fenología reproductiva de olivos en una región cálida y húmeda de Santa Catarina, Brasil

Fenologia reprodutiva de oliveiras em uma região quente e úmida de Santa Catarina, Brasil

Brugnara, Eduardo Cesar - Sabião, Rafael Roveri

Editor(es): Coniberti, Andrés

Resumen:

Olive cultivation has been spread across Brazil subtropical regions, but yields have been variable through years and locations. The objectives of this work were to characterize the reproductive phenology and quantify some productive indexes of three olive cultivars (Arbequina, Arbosana and Koroneiki) in the warm, humid subtropical climate of western Santa Catarina, Brazil. Shoots of the three cultivars were marked and the quantitative indices of flowering and fruiting were observed periodically. At the same time, the reproductive phenology was evaluated following the BBCH scale, during three seasons, in Chapecó. Reproductive budburst varied from 0 to 32%, which resulted in a relatively low number of flowers per meter of shoot if compared to traditional growing regions, unlike fruit set rates (3.69 to 11.39%), which were similar. Compared to other regions, flowering time was early: inflorescences started to grow from end of June to mid-July, depending on the year. Then maturation was precocious as well, from the end of December to mid-March, and it was later in Koroneiki. The low flowering intensity with risk of frost damages discourages the production initiative in the region.


El cultivo del olivo se ha extendido por las regiones subtropicales de Brasil, pero los rendimientos han sido variables entre años y ubicaciones. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron caracterizar la fenología reproductiva y cuantificar algunos índices productivos de tres cultivares de olivo (Arbequina, Arbosana y Koroneiki) en el clima subtropical cálido y húmedo del oeste de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Se marcaron ramas de los tres cultivares y se observaron periódicamente los índices cuantitativos de floración y fructificación. Paralelamente, se evaluó la fenología reproductiva siguiendo la escala BBCH, durante tres temporadas en Chapecó. La brotación de yemas reproductivas varió de 0 a 32%, lo que resultó en un número relativamente bajo de flores por metro de rama en comparación con las regiones tradicionales de cultivo, a diferencia de las tasas de cuajado de frutos (3,69 a 11,39%), que fueron similares. En comparación con otras regiones, el momento de floración fue temprano: las inflorescencias comenzaron a crecer desde fines de junio hasta mediados de julio, según el año. Entonces, la maduración del fruto también fue precoz, desde fines de diciembre hasta mediados de marzo, y más tarde en Koroneiki. La baja intensidad de floración con riesgo de daños por heladas desalienta la iniciativa productiva en la región.


O cultivo da oliveira se espalhou pelas regiões subtropicais do Brasil, mas os rendimentos têm sido variáveis ao longo dos anos e locais. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram caracterizar a fenologia reprodutiva e quantificar alguns índices produtivos de três cultivares de oliveira (Arbequina, Arbosana e Koroneiki) no clima subtropical quente e úmido do oeste de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Ramos das três cultivares foram marcadas e índices quantitativos de floração e frutificação foram observados periodicamente. Paralelamente, foi avaliada a fenologia reprodutiva segundo a escala BBCH, durante três safras, em Chapecó. A brotação de gemas reprodutivas variou de zero a 32%, o que resultou em um número relativamente baixo de flores por metro de ramo se comparado às regiões tradicionais de cultivo, ao contrário das taxas de frutificação (3,69 to 11,39%) que foram semelhantes. Em comparação a outras regiões, a época de floração foi precoce: as inflorescências começaram a crescer do final de junho a meados de julho, dependendo do ano. A maturação também foi precoce, do final de dezembro a meados de março, e mais tardia em Koroneiki. A baixa intensidade de floração com risco de danos por geadas desestimula a iniciativa de produção na região.


Detalles Bibliográficos
2022
Arbequina
Arbosana
Cuajado
Floração
Floración
Flowering
Fruit Set
Frutificação Efetiva
Koroneiki
Inglés
Universidad de la República
COLIBRI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/36495
Acceso abierto
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)
Resumen:
Sumario:Olive cultivation has been spread across Brazil subtropical regions, but yields have been variable through years and locations. The objectives of this work were to characterize the reproductive phenology and quantify some productive indexes of three olive cultivars (Arbequina, Arbosana and Koroneiki) in the warm, humid subtropical climate of western Santa Catarina, Brazil. Shoots of the three cultivars were marked and the quantitative indices of flowering and fruiting were observed periodically. At the same time, the reproductive phenology was evaluated following the BBCH scale, during three seasons, in Chapecó. Reproductive budburst varied from 0 to 32%, which resulted in a relatively low number of flowers per meter of shoot if compared to traditional growing regions, unlike fruit set rates (3.69 to 11.39%), which were similar. Compared to other regions, flowering time was early: inflorescences started to grow from end of June to mid-July, depending on the year. Then maturation was precocious as well, from the end of December to mid-March, and it was later in Koroneiki. The low flowering intensity with risk of frost damages discourages the production initiative in the region.