Use of the radioactive isotope cesium-137 to evaluate the erosion rate on a degraded slope in Mexico
Utilización del isótopo radiacivo Cesio-137 para evaluar la tasa de erosión en una ladera degrada en México
Resumen:
In the Ejido La Gavia, in the municipality of Almoloya de Juárez, State of Mexico, the soils dedicated to maize cultivation and cattle grazing show high levels of erosion. Therefore, it is convenient to estimate the soil erosion rate of crops in the sub-basin with the use of tracers. The hypothesis of this study was that the annual erosion rate (Mg ha-1 y-1) on the degraded slope of the Ejido La Gavia can exceed the maximum permitted limits of erosion for this type of agricultural soils. The objective of this study was to quantify the annual erosion rate in a maize plot and a degraded slope of the Ejido, and to identify the deposit areas of the radioactive isotope Cesium-137 (137Cs). The soil sampling of the degraded slope was made in four transects with ten samples in each one, obtaining a total of 40 soil samples. Five reference sites were included, out of which the 137Cs profile was measured at 50 cm depth. At the reference site, the maximum value found was 6.8 Bq kg-1 at a depth of 10 cm, with 96 % of the 137Cs content observed in the first 20 cm of the soil profile. The inventory of 137Cs on the study slope was between 10.2 and 535.1 Bq m-2, which was lower than that found in the selected reference site of 584.3 Bq m-2. The mass balance model 2 was used, obtaining a soil loss rate with values of - 23.5, - 27.5, - 20.9, and - 22.0 Mg ha-1 y-1. Soil erosion rates in the study four site transects far exceeded the permissible limit of 6.7 Mg ha-1 y-1.
En el ejido La Gavia, del municipio de Almoloya de Juá-rez, Estado de México, los suelos dedicados al cultivo del maíz y pastoreo de ganado presentan niveles de ero-sión elevados. Debido a ello, es conveniente estimar la tasa de erosión de los suelos de los cultivos de la sub-cuenca con el uso de trazadores. La hipótesis del estu-dio fue que la tasa de erosión anual (Mg ha-1 año-1) en la ladera degradada del ejido La Gavia puede superar los límites máximos permitidos de erosión para este tipo de suelos agrícolas. El objetivo de estudio es cuantificar la tasa de erosión anual en una parcela de cultivo de maíz y una ladera degradada del ejido en comento e identificar las áreas de depósito del isótopo radioactivo Cesio-137 (137Cs). El muestreo de suelos de la ladera degradada se realizó en cuatro transectos con diez muestras en cada uno, con lo cual se obtuvieron 40 muestras de suelo en total. Cinco sitios de referencia se incluyeron de los cua-les se midió el 137Cs del perfil de 50 cm de profundidad. En el sitio de referencia el valor máximo encontrado fue de 6.8 Bq kg-1 a una profundidad de 10 cm, con 96 % de los contenidos de 137Cs observado en los primeros 20 cm del perfil del suelo. El inventario de 137Cs en la ladera de estudio se encontró entre 10.2 y 535.1 Bq m-2, que fue meno al encontrado en el sitio de referencia seleccionado de 584.3 Bq m-2. Se usó el modelo de balance de masa 2 obteniéndose una tasa de pérdida de suelo con valores
2022 | |
Erosion Soil degradation Radioactive isotopes 137Cs Deposition |
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Inglés | |
Universidad de la República | |
COLIBRI | |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/41310 | |
Acceso abierto | |
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial (CC - By-NC 4.0) |
Sumario: | In the Ejido La Gavia, in the municipality of Almoloya de Juárez, State of Mexico, the soils dedicated to maize cultivation and cattle grazing show high levels of erosion. Therefore, it is convenient to estimate the soil erosion rate of crops in the sub-basin with the use of tracers. The hypothesis of this study was that the annual erosion rate (Mg ha-1 y-1) on the degraded slope of the Ejido La Gavia can exceed the maximum permitted limits of erosion for this type of agricultural soils. The objective of this study was to quantify the annual erosion rate in a maize plot and a degraded slope of the Ejido, and to identify the deposit areas of the radioactive isotope Cesium-137 (137Cs). The soil sampling of the degraded slope was made in four transects with ten samples in each one, obtaining a total of 40 soil samples. Five reference sites were included, out of which the 137Cs profile was measured at 50 cm depth. At the reference site, the maximum value found was 6.8 Bq kg-1 at a depth of 10 cm, with 96 % of the 137Cs content observed in the first 20 cm of the soil profile. The inventory of 137Cs on the study slope was between 10.2 and 535.1 Bq m-2, which was lower than that found in the selected reference site of 584.3 Bq m-2. The mass balance model 2 was used, obtaining a soil loss rate with values of - 23.5, - 27.5, - 20.9, and - 22.0 Mg ha-1 y-1. Soil erosion rates in the study four site transects far exceeded the permissible limit of 6.7 Mg ha-1 y-1. |
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