Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains

Estrategias de fungicidas recomendadas para el control de ramulariosis en Uruguay y sus residuos en granos de cebada

Estratégias de fungicidas para o controlo da ramulariose recomendadas no Uruguai e respectivos resíduos nos grãos de cevada

Palladino, Cintia - Pérez, Carlos A. - Pareja, Lucia - Pérez-Parada, Andrés - Franco, Jorge - Pereyra, Silvia

Editor(es): Siri, María Inés

Resumen:

Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) is primarily managed by foliar fungicide spraying, which can result in residues in the grain. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the risks these residues pose to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fungicide management used for RLS control and their fungicide residues in barley grain. Four different alternatives of fungicide mixtures: fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole; pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole + chlorothalonil; prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin, and isopyrazam + azoxystrobin, in three spray timings: GS33, GS47 and GS33+GS47, were evaluated in five field experiments. An untreated and a fully protected treatment were included. Fungicide residues, disease severity, control efficacy, area under the disease progress curve, and plump grain yield were calculated. All fungicide strategies adhered to food safety, complying with the Maximum Residue Limits established by Codex and the European Union. Effectiveness varied based on RLS development, application time, and number of applications. Fungicide treatments applied at GS33+GS47 were the most effective as the highest severity levels were observed at the stage after GS47 under the conditions studied. Plump grain yield only showed minimal differences in the late epidemic. The study emphasized the low risk of fungicide presence in grains, favoring efficacy when selecting RLS management options. Any changes in management or regulations should be carefully reviewed to maintain findings. The research underscored the compatibility of recommended fungicide treatments with food safety standards, highlighting the balance between disease control efficacy and consumer safety.


El control de ramulariosis se realiza principalmente con fungicidas foliares, lo que puede resultar en residuos en el grano. El objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia del manejo de fungicidas utilizados para el control de ramulariosis y sus residuos en grano de cebada. Se evaluaron cuatro mezclas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina, e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, en tres momentos de aplicación: GS33, GS47 y GS33+GS47, en cinco experimentos de campo. Se incluyó un testigo sin aplicación y un tratamiento protegido. Se determinaron los residuos de fungicidas, la severidad de la enfermedad, la eficacia de control, el área bajo la curva de progreso de la enfermedad y el rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm. Todas las estrategias de fungicidas cumplieron con los límites máximos de residuos establecidos por el Codex y la Unión Europea. La efectividad de control varió según el desarrollo de ramulariosis, el momento de aplicación y el número de aplicaciones. Los tratamientos con fungicidas aplicados en GS33+GS47 fueron los más efectivos, ya que los mayores niveles de severidad se observaron en las etapas posteriores a GS47 bajo las condiciones estudiadas. El rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm solo mostró diferencias mínimas en la epidemia tardía. La investigación resaltó la compatibilidad de los tratamientos recomendados de fungicidas con los estándares de seguridad alimentaria, destacando el equilibrio entre la eficacia en el control de enfermedades y la seguridad del consumidor.


Ramulariose é principalmente controlada por pulverização de fungicidas foliares, o que pode resultar em resíduos nos grãos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do manejo de fungicidas utilizado para o controle de ramulariose e seus resíduos nos grãos de cevada. Foram avaliadas quatro misturas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, em três momentos de pulverização: GS33, GS47 e GS33+GS47, em cinco experimentos de campo. Foram incluídos tratamentos não tratados e completamente protegidos. Foram calculados os resíduos de fungicidas, a severidade da doença, a eficácia de controle, a área sob a curva de progresso da doença e o rendimento de grãos cheios. Todas as estratégias de fungicidas estavam de acordo com a segurança alimentar, cumprindo com os Limites Máximos de Resíduos estabelecidos pelo Codex e pela União Européia. A eficácia variou de acordo com o desenvolvimento da ramulariose, o momento da aplicação e o número de aplicações. Os tratamentos com fungicidas aplicados em GS33+GS47 foram os mais eficazes, uma vez que os níveis mais altos de severidade foram observados na fase após GS47 nas condições estudadas. O rendimento de grãos cheios mostrou apenas diferenças mínimas na epidemia tardia. Qualquer mudança no manejo ou regulamentação deve ser cuidadosamente revisada para manter os resultados. A pesquisa destacou a compatibilidade dos tratamentos recomendados de fungicidas com os padrões de segurança alimentar, destacando o equilíbrio entre a eficácia no controle de doenças e a segurança do consumidor.


Detalles Bibliográficos
2024
Control Efficacy
Eficácia do Controle
Eficiencia de Control
Food Safety
Hordeum Vulgare
Hordeumvulgare
Inocuidad
Pesticide Residues
Ramularia Collo-Cygni
Resíduos de Pesticida
Residuos de Pesticidas
Segurança Alimentar
Inglés
Universidad de la República
COLIBRI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/43640
Acceso abierto
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)
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author Palladino, Cintia
author2 Pérez, Carlos A.
Pareja, Lucia
Pérez-Parada, Andrés
Franco, Jorge
Pereyra, Silvia
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author
author
author_facet Palladino, Cintia
Pérez, Carlos A.
Pareja, Lucia
Pérez-Parada, Andrés
Franco, Jorge
Pereyra, Silvia
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dc.contributor.filiacion.none.fl_str_mv Palladino Cintia, Universidad de la República, Cenur Litoral Norte, PDU Abordaje Holístico al impacto de los agroquímicos, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1750-9984
Pérez Carlos A., Universidad de la República, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-6745
Pareja Lucia, Universidad de la República, Cenur Litoral Norte, Departamento de Química del Litoral, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9533-5991
Pérez-Parada Andrés, Universidad de la República, Centro Universitario Regional del Este (CURE), Departamento de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Rocha, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0321-8171
Franco Jorge, Universidad de la República, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Biometría y Estadística, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8082-4007
Pereyra Silvia, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Área Sistema Agrícola-Ganadero, Protección vegetal, Colonia, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5292-5078
dc.creator.editor.none.fl_str_mv Siri, María Inés
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Palladino, Cintia
Pérez, Carlos A.
Pareja, Lucia
Pérez-Parada, Andrés
Franco, Jorge
Pereyra, Silvia
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2024-04-25T15:08:12Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2024-04-25T15:08:12Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2024
dc.description.abstract.none.fl_txt_mv Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) is primarily managed by foliar fungicide spraying, which can result in residues in the grain. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the risks these residues pose to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fungicide management used for RLS control and their fungicide residues in barley grain. Four different alternatives of fungicide mixtures: fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole; pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole + chlorothalonil; prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin, and isopyrazam + azoxystrobin, in three spray timings: GS33, GS47 and GS33+GS47, were evaluated in five field experiments. An untreated and a fully protected treatment were included. Fungicide residues, disease severity, control efficacy, area under the disease progress curve, and plump grain yield were calculated. All fungicide strategies adhered to food safety, complying with the Maximum Residue Limits established by Codex and the European Union. Effectiveness varied based on RLS development, application time, and number of applications. Fungicide treatments applied at GS33+GS47 were the most effective as the highest severity levels were observed at the stage after GS47 under the conditions studied. Plump grain yield only showed minimal differences in the late epidemic. The study emphasized the low risk of fungicide presence in grains, favoring efficacy when selecting RLS management options. Any changes in management or regulations should be carefully reviewed to maintain findings. The research underscored the compatibility of recommended fungicide treatments with food safety standards, highlighting the balance between disease control efficacy and consumer safety.
El control de ramulariosis se realiza principalmente con fungicidas foliares, lo que puede resultar en residuos en el grano. El objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia del manejo de fungicidas utilizados para el control de ramulariosis y sus residuos en grano de cebada. Se evaluaron cuatro mezclas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina, e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, en tres momentos de aplicación: GS33, GS47 y GS33+GS47, en cinco experimentos de campo. Se incluyó un testigo sin aplicación y un tratamiento protegido. Se determinaron los residuos de fungicidas, la severidad de la enfermedad, la eficacia de control, el área bajo la curva de progreso de la enfermedad y el rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm. Todas las estrategias de fungicidas cumplieron con los límites máximos de residuos establecidos por el Codex y la Unión Europea. La efectividad de control varió según el desarrollo de ramulariosis, el momento de aplicación y el número de aplicaciones. Los tratamientos con fungicidas aplicados en GS33+GS47 fueron los más efectivos, ya que los mayores niveles de severidad se observaron en las etapas posteriores a GS47 bajo las condiciones estudiadas. El rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm solo mostró diferencias mínimas en la epidemia tardía. La investigación resaltó la compatibilidad de los tratamientos recomendados de fungicidas con los estándares de seguridad alimentaria, destacando el equilibrio entre la eficacia en el control de enfermedades y la seguridad del consumidor.
Ramulariose é principalmente controlada por pulverização de fungicidas foliares, o que pode resultar em resíduos nos grãos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do manejo de fungicidas utilizado para o controle de ramulariose e seus resíduos nos grãos de cevada. Foram avaliadas quatro misturas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, em três momentos de pulverização: GS33, GS47 e GS33+GS47, em cinco experimentos de campo. Foram incluídos tratamentos não tratados e completamente protegidos. Foram calculados os resíduos de fungicidas, a severidade da doença, a eficácia de controle, a área sob a curva de progresso da doença e o rendimento de grãos cheios. Todas as estratégias de fungicidas estavam de acordo com a segurança alimentar, cumprindo com os Limites Máximos de Resíduos estabelecidos pelo Codex e pela União Européia. A eficácia variou de acordo com o desenvolvimento da ramulariose, o momento da aplicação e o número de aplicações. Os tratamentos com fungicidas aplicados em GS33+GS47 foram os mais eficazes, uma vez que os níveis mais altos de severidade foram observados na fase após GS47 nas condições estudadas. O rendimento de grãos cheios mostrou apenas diferenças mínimas na epidemia tardia. Qualquer mudança no manejo ou regulamentação deve ser cuidadosamente revisada para manter os resultados. A pesquisa destacou a compatibilidade dos tratamentos recomendados de fungicidas com os padrões de segurança alimentar, destacando o equilíbrio entre a eficácia no controle de doenças e a segurança do consumidor.
dc.format.extent.es.fl_str_mv e1262
dc.format.mimetype.es.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.identifier.citation.es.fl_str_mv Palladino, C., Pérez, C. A., Pareja, L., Pérez-Parada, A., Franco, J., & Pereyra, S. (2024). Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains. Agrociencia Uruguay, 28,e1262. https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.28.1262
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.31285/AGRO.28.1262
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 2730-5066
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/43640
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv en
eng
dc.publisher.es.fl_str_mv Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República - INIA
dc.relation.ispartof.es.fl_str_mv Agrociencia Uruguay. 2024;28:e1262
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:COLIBRI
instname:Universidad de la República
instacron:Universidad de la República
dc.subject.es.fl_str_mv Control Efficacy
Eficácia do Controle
Eficiencia de Control
Food Safety
Hordeum Vulgare
Hordeumvulgare
Inocuidad
Pesticide Residues
Ramularia Collo-Cygni
Resíduos de Pesticida
Residuos de Pesticidas
Segurança Alimentar
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains
Estrategias de fungicidas recomendadas para el control de ramulariosis en Uruguay y sus residuos en granos de cebada
Estratégias de fungicidas para o controlo da ramulariose recomendadas no Uruguai e respectivos resíduos nos grãos de cevada
dc.type.es.fl_str_mv Artículo
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
description Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) is primarily managed by foliar fungicide spraying, which can result in residues in the grain. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the risks these residues pose to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fungicide management used for RLS control and their fungicide residues in barley grain. Four different alternatives of fungicide mixtures: fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole; pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole + chlorothalonil; prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin, and isopyrazam + azoxystrobin, in three spray timings: GS33, GS47 and GS33+GS47, were evaluated in five field experiments. An untreated and a fully protected treatment were included. Fungicide residues, disease severity, control efficacy, area under the disease progress curve, and plump grain yield were calculated. All fungicide strategies adhered to food safety, complying with the Maximum Residue Limits established by Codex and the European Union. Effectiveness varied based on RLS development, application time, and number of applications. Fungicide treatments applied at GS33+GS47 were the most effective as the highest severity levels were observed at the stage after GS47 under the conditions studied. Plump grain yield only showed minimal differences in the late epidemic. The study emphasized the low risk of fungicide presence in grains, favoring efficacy when selecting RLS management options. Any changes in management or regulations should be carefully reviewed to maintain findings. The research underscored the compatibility of recommended fungicide treatments with food safety standards, highlighting the balance between disease control efficacy and consumer safety.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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2730-5066
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rights_invalid_str_mv Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)
spelling Palladino Cintia, Universidad de la República, Cenur Litoral Norte, PDU Abordaje Holístico al impacto de los agroquímicos, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1750-9984Pérez Carlos A., Universidad de la República, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-6745Pareja Lucia, Universidad de la República, Cenur Litoral Norte, Departamento de Química del Litoral, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9533-5991Pérez-Parada Andrés, Universidad de la República, Centro Universitario Regional del Este (CURE), Departamento de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Rocha, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0321-8171Franco Jorge, Universidad de la República, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Biometría y Estadística, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8082-4007Pereyra Silvia, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Área Sistema Agrícola-Ganadero, Protección vegetal, Colonia, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5292-50782024-04-25T15:08:12Z2024-04-25T15:08:12Z2024Palladino, C., Pérez, C. A., Pareja, L., Pérez-Parada, A., Franco, J., & Pereyra, S. (2024). Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains. Agrociencia Uruguay, 28,e1262. https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.28.12622730-5066https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/4364010.31285/AGRO.28.1262Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) is primarily managed by foliar fungicide spraying, which can result in residues in the grain. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the risks these residues pose to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fungicide management used for RLS control and their fungicide residues in barley grain. Four different alternatives of fungicide mixtures: fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole; pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole + chlorothalonil; prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin, and isopyrazam + azoxystrobin, in three spray timings: GS33, GS47 and GS33+GS47, were evaluated in five field experiments. An untreated and a fully protected treatment were included. Fungicide residues, disease severity, control efficacy, area under the disease progress curve, and plump grain yield were calculated. All fungicide strategies adhered to food safety, complying with the Maximum Residue Limits established by Codex and the European Union. Effectiveness varied based on RLS development, application time, and number of applications. Fungicide treatments applied at GS33+GS47 were the most effective as the highest severity levels were observed at the stage after GS47 under the conditions studied. Plump grain yield only showed minimal differences in the late epidemic. The study emphasized the low risk of fungicide presence in grains, favoring efficacy when selecting RLS management options. Any changes in management or regulations should be carefully reviewed to maintain findings. The research underscored the compatibility of recommended fungicide treatments with food safety standards, highlighting the balance between disease control efficacy and consumer safety.El control de ramulariosis se realiza principalmente con fungicidas foliares, lo que puede resultar en residuos en el grano. El objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia del manejo de fungicidas utilizados para el control de ramulariosis y sus residuos en grano de cebada. Se evaluaron cuatro mezclas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina, e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, en tres momentos de aplicación: GS33, GS47 y GS33+GS47, en cinco experimentos de campo. Se incluyó un testigo sin aplicación y un tratamiento protegido. Se determinaron los residuos de fungicidas, la severidad de la enfermedad, la eficacia de control, el área bajo la curva de progreso de la enfermedad y el rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm. Todas las estrategias de fungicidas cumplieron con los límites máximos de residuos establecidos por el Codex y la Unión Europea. La efectividad de control varió según el desarrollo de ramulariosis, el momento de aplicación y el número de aplicaciones. Los tratamientos con fungicidas aplicados en GS33+GS47 fueron los más efectivos, ya que los mayores niveles de severidad se observaron en las etapas posteriores a GS47 bajo las condiciones estudiadas. El rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm solo mostró diferencias mínimas en la epidemia tardía. La investigación resaltó la compatibilidad de los tratamientos recomendados de fungicidas con los estándares de seguridad alimentaria, destacando el equilibrio entre la eficacia en el control de enfermedades y la seguridad del consumidor.Ramulariose é principalmente controlada por pulverização de fungicidas foliares, o que pode resultar em resíduos nos grãos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do manejo de fungicidas utilizado para o controle de ramulariose e seus resíduos nos grãos de cevada. Foram avaliadas quatro misturas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, em três momentos de pulverização: GS33, GS47 e GS33+GS47, em cinco experimentos de campo. Foram incluídos tratamentos não tratados e completamente protegidos. Foram calculados os resíduos de fungicidas, a severidade da doença, a eficácia de controle, a área sob a curva de progresso da doença e o rendimento de grãos cheios. Todas as estratégias de fungicidas estavam de acordo com a segurança alimentar, cumprindo com os Limites Máximos de Resíduos estabelecidos pelo Codex e pela União Européia. A eficácia variou de acordo com o desenvolvimento da ramulariose, o momento da aplicação e o número de aplicações. Os tratamentos com fungicidas aplicados em GS33+GS47 foram os mais eficazes, uma vez que os níveis mais altos de severidade foram observados na fase após GS47 nas condições estudadas. O rendimento de grãos cheios mostrou apenas diferenças mínimas na epidemia tardia. Qualquer mudança no manejo ou regulamentação deve ser cuidadosamente revisada para manter os resultados. A pesquisa destacou a compatibilidade dos tratamentos recomendados de fungicidas com os padrões de segurança alimentar, destacando o equilíbrio entre a eficácia no controle de doenças e a segurança do consumidor.Submitted by Colombo Cabanas Stephanie (colombo@fagro.edu.uy) on 2024-04-24T14:32:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1262.pdf: 731103 bytes, checksum: 4c35c3781488216ee6ab1fc3e13731ef (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Muniz Andrea (rosmeri8@hotmail.com) on 2024-04-25T15:02:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1262.pdf: 731103 bytes, checksum: 4c35c3781488216ee6ab1fc3e13731ef (MD5)Made available in DSpace by Luna Fabiana (fabiana.luna@seciu.edu.uy) on 2024-04-25T15:08:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1262.pdf: 731103 bytes, checksum: 4c35c3781488216ee6ab1fc3e13731ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2024e1262application/pdfenengFacultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República - INIAAgrociencia Uruguay. 2024;28:e1262Las obras depositadas en el Repositorio se rigen por la Ordenanza de los Derechos de la Propiedad Intelectual de la Universidad de la República.(Res. Nº 91 de C.D.C. de 8/III/1994 – D.O. 7/IV/1994) y por la Ordenanza del Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de la República (Res. Nº 16 de C.D.C. de 07/10/2014)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLicencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)Control EfficacyEficácia do ControleEficiencia de ControlFood SafetyHordeum VulgareHordeumvulgareInocuidadPesticide ResiduesRamularia Collo-CygniResíduos de PesticidaResiduos de PesticidasSegurança AlimentarFungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grainsEstrategias de fungicidas recomendadas para el control de ramulariosis en Uruguay y sus residuos en granos de cebadaEstratégias de fungicidas para o controlo da ramulariose recomendadas no Uruguai e respectivos resíduos nos grãos de cevadaArtículoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionreponame:COLIBRIinstname:Universidad de la Repúblicainstacron:Universidad de la RepúblicaPalladino, CintiaPérez, Carlos A.Pareja, LuciaPérez-Parada, AndrésFranco, JorgePereyra, SilviaSiri, María InésLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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- Universidad de la Repúblicafalse
spellingShingle Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains
Palladino, Cintia
Control Efficacy
Eficácia do Controle
Eficiencia de Control
Food Safety
Hordeum Vulgare
Hordeumvulgare
Inocuidad
Pesticide Residues
Ramularia Collo-Cygni
Resíduos de Pesticida
Residuos de Pesticidas
Segurança Alimentar
status_str publishedVersion
title Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains
title_full Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains
title_fullStr Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains
title_full_unstemmed Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains
title_short Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains
title_sort Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains
topic Control Efficacy
Eficácia do Controle
Eficiencia de Control
Food Safety
Hordeum Vulgare
Hordeumvulgare
Inocuidad
Pesticide Residues
Ramularia Collo-Cygni
Resíduos de Pesticida
Residuos de Pesticidas
Segurança Alimentar
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/43640