Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains
Estrategias de fungicidas recomendadas para el control de ramulariosis en Uruguay y sus residuos en granos de cebada
Estratégias de fungicidas para o controlo da ramulariose recomendadas no Uruguai e respectivos resíduos nos grãos de cevada
Editor(es): Siri, María Inés
Resumen:
Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) is primarily managed by foliar fungicide spraying, which can result in residues in the grain. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the risks these residues pose to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fungicide management used for RLS control and their fungicide residues in barley grain. Four different alternatives of fungicide mixtures: fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole; pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole + chlorothalonil; prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin, and isopyrazam + azoxystrobin, in three spray timings: GS33, GS47 and GS33+GS47, were evaluated in five field experiments. An untreated and a fully protected treatment were included. Fungicide residues, disease severity, control efficacy, area under the disease progress curve, and plump grain yield were calculated. All fungicide strategies adhered to food safety, complying with the Maximum Residue Limits established by Codex and the European Union. Effectiveness varied based on RLS development, application time, and number of applications. Fungicide treatments applied at GS33+GS47 were the most effective as the highest severity levels were observed at the stage after GS47 under the conditions studied. Plump grain yield only showed minimal differences in the late epidemic. The study emphasized the low risk of fungicide presence in grains, favoring efficacy when selecting RLS management options. Any changes in management or regulations should be carefully reviewed to maintain findings. The research underscored the compatibility of recommended fungicide treatments with food safety standards, highlighting the balance between disease control efficacy and consumer safety.
El control de ramulariosis se realiza principalmente con fungicidas foliares, lo que puede resultar en residuos en el grano. El objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia del manejo de fungicidas utilizados para el control de ramulariosis y sus residuos en grano de cebada. Se evaluaron cuatro mezclas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina, e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, en tres momentos de aplicación: GS33, GS47 y GS33+GS47, en cinco experimentos de campo. Se incluyó un testigo sin aplicación y un tratamiento protegido. Se determinaron los residuos de fungicidas, la severidad de la enfermedad, la eficacia de control, el área bajo la curva de progreso de la enfermedad y el rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm. Todas las estrategias de fungicidas cumplieron con los límites máximos de residuos establecidos por el Codex y la Unión Europea. La efectividad de control varió según el desarrollo de ramulariosis, el momento de aplicación y el número de aplicaciones. Los tratamientos con fungicidas aplicados en GS33+GS47 fueron los más efectivos, ya que los mayores niveles de severidad se observaron en las etapas posteriores a GS47 bajo las condiciones estudiadas. El rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm solo mostró diferencias mínimas en la epidemia tardía. La investigación resaltó la compatibilidad de los tratamientos recomendados de fungicidas con los estándares de seguridad alimentaria, destacando el equilibrio entre la eficacia en el control de enfermedades y la seguridad del consumidor.
Ramulariose é principalmente controlada por pulverização de fungicidas foliares, o que pode resultar em resíduos nos grãos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do manejo de fungicidas utilizado para o controle de ramulariose e seus resíduos nos grãos de cevada. Foram avaliadas quatro misturas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, em três momentos de pulverização: GS33, GS47 e GS33+GS47, em cinco experimentos de campo. Foram incluídos tratamentos não tratados e completamente protegidos. Foram calculados os resíduos de fungicidas, a severidade da doença, a eficácia de controle, a área sob a curva de progresso da doença e o rendimento de grãos cheios. Todas as estratégias de fungicidas estavam de acordo com a segurança alimentar, cumprindo com os Limites Máximos de Resíduos estabelecidos pelo Codex e pela União Européia. A eficácia variou de acordo com o desenvolvimento da ramulariose, o momento da aplicação e o número de aplicações. Os tratamentos com fungicidas aplicados em GS33+GS47 foram os mais eficazes, uma vez que os níveis mais altos de severidade foram observados na fase após GS47 nas condições estudadas. O rendimento de grãos cheios mostrou apenas diferenças mínimas na epidemia tardia. Qualquer mudança no manejo ou regulamentação deve ser cuidadosamente revisada para manter os resultados. A pesquisa destacou a compatibilidade dos tratamentos recomendados de fungicidas com os padrões de segurança alimentar, destacando o equilíbrio entre a eficácia no controle de doenças e a segurança do consumidor.
2024 | |
Control Efficacy Eficácia do Controle Eficiencia de Control Food Safety Hordeum Vulgare Hordeumvulgare Inocuidad Pesticide Residues Ramularia Collo-Cygni Resíduos de Pesticida Residuos de Pesticidas Segurança Alimentar |
|
Inglés | |
Universidad de la República | |
COLIBRI | |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/43640 | |
Acceso abierto | |
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0) |
_version_ | 1807523264291930112 |
---|---|
author | Palladino, Cintia |
author2 | Pérez, Carlos A. Pareja, Lucia Pérez-Parada, Andrés Franco, Jorge Pereyra, Silvia |
author2_role | author author author author author |
author_facet | Palladino, Cintia Pérez, Carlos A. Pareja, Lucia Pérez-Parada, Andrés Franco, Jorge Pereyra, Silvia |
author_role | author |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv | 6429389a7df7277b72b7924fdc7d47a9 a0ebbeafb9d2ec7cbb19d7137ebc392c 3fd1ebed2dc74f31b189736d0c5b4212 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 4c35c3781488216ee6ab1fc3e13731ef |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv | MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv | http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/43640/5/license.txt http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/43640/2/license_url http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/43640/3/license_text http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/43640/4/license_rdf http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/43640/1/2730-5066--1262.pdf |
collection | COLIBRI |
dc.contributor.filiacion.none.fl_str_mv | Palladino Cintia, Universidad de la República, Cenur Litoral Norte, PDU Abordaje Holístico al impacto de los agroquímicos, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1750-9984 Pérez Carlos A., Universidad de la República, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-6745 Pareja Lucia, Universidad de la República, Cenur Litoral Norte, Departamento de Química del Litoral, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9533-5991 Pérez-Parada Andrés, Universidad de la República, Centro Universitario Regional del Este (CURE), Departamento de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Rocha, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0321-8171 Franco Jorge, Universidad de la República, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Biometría y Estadística, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8082-4007 Pereyra Silvia, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Área Sistema Agrícola-Ganadero, Protección vegetal, Colonia, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5292-5078 |
dc.creator.editor.none.fl_str_mv | Siri, María Inés |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Palladino, Cintia Pérez, Carlos A. Pareja, Lucia Pérez-Parada, Andrés Franco, Jorge Pereyra, Silvia |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv | 2024-04-25T15:08:12Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv | 2024-04-25T15:08:12Z |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv | 2024 |
dc.description.abstract.none.fl_txt_mv | Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) is primarily managed by foliar fungicide spraying, which can result in residues in the grain. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the risks these residues pose to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fungicide management used for RLS control and their fungicide residues in barley grain. Four different alternatives of fungicide mixtures: fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole; pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole + chlorothalonil; prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin, and isopyrazam + azoxystrobin, in three spray timings: GS33, GS47 and GS33+GS47, were evaluated in five field experiments. An untreated and a fully protected treatment were included. Fungicide residues, disease severity, control efficacy, area under the disease progress curve, and plump grain yield were calculated. All fungicide strategies adhered to food safety, complying with the Maximum Residue Limits established by Codex and the European Union. Effectiveness varied based on RLS development, application time, and number of applications. Fungicide treatments applied at GS33+GS47 were the most effective as the highest severity levels were observed at the stage after GS47 under the conditions studied. Plump grain yield only showed minimal differences in the late epidemic. The study emphasized the low risk of fungicide presence in grains, favoring efficacy when selecting RLS management options. Any changes in management or regulations should be carefully reviewed to maintain findings. The research underscored the compatibility of recommended fungicide treatments with food safety standards, highlighting the balance between disease control efficacy and consumer safety. El control de ramulariosis se realiza principalmente con fungicidas foliares, lo que puede resultar en residuos en el grano. El objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia del manejo de fungicidas utilizados para el control de ramulariosis y sus residuos en grano de cebada. Se evaluaron cuatro mezclas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina, e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, en tres momentos de aplicación: GS33, GS47 y GS33+GS47, en cinco experimentos de campo. Se incluyó un testigo sin aplicación y un tratamiento protegido. Se determinaron los residuos de fungicidas, la severidad de la enfermedad, la eficacia de control, el área bajo la curva de progreso de la enfermedad y el rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm. Todas las estrategias de fungicidas cumplieron con los límites máximos de residuos establecidos por el Codex y la Unión Europea. La efectividad de control varió según el desarrollo de ramulariosis, el momento de aplicación y el número de aplicaciones. Los tratamientos con fungicidas aplicados en GS33+GS47 fueron los más efectivos, ya que los mayores niveles de severidad se observaron en las etapas posteriores a GS47 bajo las condiciones estudiadas. El rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm solo mostró diferencias mínimas en la epidemia tardía. La investigación resaltó la compatibilidad de los tratamientos recomendados de fungicidas con los estándares de seguridad alimentaria, destacando el equilibrio entre la eficacia en el control de enfermedades y la seguridad del consumidor. Ramulariose é principalmente controlada por pulverização de fungicidas foliares, o que pode resultar em resíduos nos grãos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do manejo de fungicidas utilizado para o controle de ramulariose e seus resíduos nos grãos de cevada. Foram avaliadas quatro misturas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, em três momentos de pulverização: GS33, GS47 e GS33+GS47, em cinco experimentos de campo. Foram incluídos tratamentos não tratados e completamente protegidos. Foram calculados os resíduos de fungicidas, a severidade da doença, a eficácia de controle, a área sob a curva de progresso da doença e o rendimento de grãos cheios. Todas as estratégias de fungicidas estavam de acordo com a segurança alimentar, cumprindo com os Limites Máximos de Resíduos estabelecidos pelo Codex e pela União Européia. A eficácia variou de acordo com o desenvolvimento da ramulariose, o momento da aplicação e o número de aplicações. Os tratamentos com fungicidas aplicados em GS33+GS47 foram os mais eficazes, uma vez que os níveis mais altos de severidade foram observados na fase após GS47 nas condições estudadas. O rendimento de grãos cheios mostrou apenas diferenças mínimas na epidemia tardia. Qualquer mudança no manejo ou regulamentação deve ser cuidadosamente revisada para manter os resultados. A pesquisa destacou a compatibilidade dos tratamentos recomendados de fungicidas com os padrões de segurança alimentar, destacando o equilíbrio entre a eficácia no controle de doenças e a segurança do consumidor. |
dc.format.extent.es.fl_str_mv | e1262 |
dc.format.mimetype.es.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
dc.identifier.citation.es.fl_str_mv | Palladino, C., Pérez, C. A., Pareja, L., Pérez-Parada, A., Franco, J., & Pereyra, S. (2024). Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains. Agrociencia Uruguay, 28,e1262. https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.28.1262 |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv | 10.31285/AGRO.28.1262 |
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv | 2730-5066 |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/43640 |
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv | en eng |
dc.publisher.es.fl_str_mv | Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República - INIA |
dc.relation.ispartof.es.fl_str_mv | Agrociencia Uruguay. 2024;28:e1262 |
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv | Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0) |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | reponame:COLIBRI instname:Universidad de la República instacron:Universidad de la República |
dc.subject.es.fl_str_mv | Control Efficacy Eficácia do Controle Eficiencia de Control Food Safety Hordeum Vulgare Hordeumvulgare Inocuidad Pesticide Residues Ramularia Collo-Cygni Resíduos de Pesticida Residuos de Pesticidas Segurança Alimentar |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains Estrategias de fungicidas recomendadas para el control de ramulariosis en Uruguay y sus residuos en granos de cebada Estratégias de fungicidas para o controlo da ramulariose recomendadas no Uruguai e respectivos resíduos nos grãos de cevada |
dc.type.es.fl_str_mv | Artículo |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
description | Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) is primarily managed by foliar fungicide spraying, which can result in residues in the grain. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the risks these residues pose to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fungicide management used for RLS control and their fungicide residues in barley grain. Four different alternatives of fungicide mixtures: fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole; pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole + chlorothalonil; prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin, and isopyrazam + azoxystrobin, in three spray timings: GS33, GS47 and GS33+GS47, were evaluated in five field experiments. An untreated and a fully protected treatment were included. Fungicide residues, disease severity, control efficacy, area under the disease progress curve, and plump grain yield were calculated. All fungicide strategies adhered to food safety, complying with the Maximum Residue Limits established by Codex and the European Union. Effectiveness varied based on RLS development, application time, and number of applications. Fungicide treatments applied at GS33+GS47 were the most effective as the highest severity levels were observed at the stage after GS47 under the conditions studied. Plump grain yield only showed minimal differences in the late epidemic. The study emphasized the low risk of fungicide presence in grains, favoring efficacy when selecting RLS management options. Any changes in management or regulations should be carefully reviewed to maintain findings. The research underscored the compatibility of recommended fungicide treatments with food safety standards, highlighting the balance between disease control efficacy and consumer safety. |
eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
format | article |
id | COLIBRI_a36bd865ea94c6244f607d350b734e7e |
identifier_str_mv | Palladino, C., Pérez, C. A., Pareja, L., Pérez-Parada, A., Franco, J., & Pereyra, S. (2024). Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains. Agrociencia Uruguay, 28,e1262. https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.28.1262 2730-5066 10.31285/AGRO.28.1262 |
instacron_str | Universidad de la República |
institution | Universidad de la República |
instname_str | Universidad de la República |
language | eng |
language_invalid_str_mv | en |
network_acronym_str | COLIBRI |
network_name_str | COLIBRI |
oai_identifier_str | oai:colibri.udelar.edu.uy:20.500.12008/43640 |
publishDate | 2024 |
reponame_str | COLIBRI |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv | mabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uy |
repository.name.fl_str_mv | COLIBRI - Universidad de la República |
repository_id_str | 4771 |
rights_invalid_str_mv | Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0) |
spelling | Palladino Cintia, Universidad de la República, Cenur Litoral Norte, PDU Abordaje Holístico al impacto de los agroquímicos, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1750-9984Pérez Carlos A., Universidad de la República, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-6745Pareja Lucia, Universidad de la República, Cenur Litoral Norte, Departamento de Química del Litoral, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9533-5991Pérez-Parada Andrés, Universidad de la República, Centro Universitario Regional del Este (CURE), Departamento de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Rocha, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0321-8171Franco Jorge, Universidad de la República, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Biometría y Estadística, Paysandú, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8082-4007Pereyra Silvia, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Área Sistema Agrícola-Ganadero, Protección vegetal, Colonia, Uruguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5292-50782024-04-25T15:08:12Z2024-04-25T15:08:12Z2024Palladino, C., Pérez, C. A., Pareja, L., Pérez-Parada, A., Franco, J., & Pereyra, S. (2024). Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains. Agrociencia Uruguay, 28,e1262. https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.28.12622730-5066https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/4364010.31285/AGRO.28.1262Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) is primarily managed by foliar fungicide spraying, which can result in residues in the grain. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the risks these residues pose to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fungicide management used for RLS control and their fungicide residues in barley grain. Four different alternatives of fungicide mixtures: fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole; pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole + chlorothalonil; prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin, and isopyrazam + azoxystrobin, in three spray timings: GS33, GS47 and GS33+GS47, were evaluated in five field experiments. An untreated and a fully protected treatment were included. Fungicide residues, disease severity, control efficacy, area under the disease progress curve, and plump grain yield were calculated. All fungicide strategies adhered to food safety, complying with the Maximum Residue Limits established by Codex and the European Union. Effectiveness varied based on RLS development, application time, and number of applications. Fungicide treatments applied at GS33+GS47 were the most effective as the highest severity levels were observed at the stage after GS47 under the conditions studied. Plump grain yield only showed minimal differences in the late epidemic. The study emphasized the low risk of fungicide presence in grains, favoring efficacy when selecting RLS management options. Any changes in management or regulations should be carefully reviewed to maintain findings. The research underscored the compatibility of recommended fungicide treatments with food safety standards, highlighting the balance between disease control efficacy and consumer safety.El control de ramulariosis se realiza principalmente con fungicidas foliares, lo que puede resultar en residuos en el grano. El objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia del manejo de fungicidas utilizados para el control de ramulariosis y sus residuos en grano de cebada. Se evaluaron cuatro mezclas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina, e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, en tres momentos de aplicación: GS33, GS47 y GS33+GS47, en cinco experimentos de campo. Se incluyó un testigo sin aplicación y un tratamiento protegido. Se determinaron los residuos de fungicidas, la severidad de la enfermedad, la eficacia de control, el área bajo la curva de progreso de la enfermedad y el rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm. Todas las estrategias de fungicidas cumplieron con los límites máximos de residuos establecidos por el Codex y la Unión Europea. La efectividad de control varió según el desarrollo de ramulariosis, el momento de aplicación y el número de aplicaciones. Los tratamientos con fungicidas aplicados en GS33+GS47 fueron los más efectivos, ya que los mayores niveles de severidad se observaron en las etapas posteriores a GS47 bajo las condiciones estudiadas. El rendimiento de granos mayores a 2,5 mm solo mostró diferencias mínimas en la epidemia tardía. La investigación resaltó la compatibilidad de los tratamientos recomendados de fungicidas con los estándares de seguridad alimentaria, destacando el equilibrio entre la eficacia en el control de enfermedades y la seguridad del consumidor.Ramulariose é principalmente controlada por pulverização de fungicidas foliares, o que pode resultar em resíduos nos grãos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do manejo de fungicidas utilizado para o controle de ramulariose e seus resíduos nos grãos de cevada. Foram avaliadas quatro misturas de fungicidas: fluxapyroxad + piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol + clorotalonil, prothioconazol + trifloxistrobina e isopyrazam + azoxistrobina, em três momentos de pulverização: GS33, GS47 e GS33+GS47, em cinco experimentos de campo. Foram incluídos tratamentos não tratados e completamente protegidos. Foram calculados os resíduos de fungicidas, a severidade da doença, a eficácia de controle, a área sob a curva de progresso da doença e o rendimento de grãos cheios. Todas as estratégias de fungicidas estavam de acordo com a segurança alimentar, cumprindo com os Limites Máximos de Resíduos estabelecidos pelo Codex e pela União Européia. A eficácia variou de acordo com o desenvolvimento da ramulariose, o momento da aplicação e o número de aplicações. Os tratamentos com fungicidas aplicados em GS33+GS47 foram os mais eficazes, uma vez que os níveis mais altos de severidade foram observados na fase após GS47 nas condições estudadas. O rendimento de grãos cheios mostrou apenas diferenças mínimas na epidemia tardia. Qualquer mudança no manejo ou regulamentação deve ser cuidadosamente revisada para manter os resultados. A pesquisa destacou a compatibilidade dos tratamentos recomendados de fungicidas com os padrões de segurança alimentar, destacando o equilíbrio entre a eficácia no controle de doenças e a segurança do consumidor.Submitted by Colombo Cabanas Stephanie (colombo@fagro.edu.uy) on 2024-04-24T14:32:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1262.pdf: 731103 bytes, checksum: 4c35c3781488216ee6ab1fc3e13731ef (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Muniz Andrea (rosmeri8@hotmail.com) on 2024-04-25T15:02:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1262.pdf: 731103 bytes, checksum: 4c35c3781488216ee6ab1fc3e13731ef (MD5)Made available in DSpace by Luna Fabiana (fabiana.luna@seciu.edu.uy) on 2024-04-25T15:08:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1262.pdf: 731103 bytes, checksum: 4c35c3781488216ee6ab1fc3e13731ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2024e1262application/pdfenengFacultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República - INIAAgrociencia Uruguay. 2024;28:e1262Las obras depositadas en el Repositorio se rigen por la Ordenanza de los Derechos de la Propiedad Intelectual de la Universidad de la República.(Res. Nº 91 de C.D.C. de 8/III/1994 – D.O. 7/IV/1994) y por la Ordenanza del Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de la República (Res. Nº 16 de C.D.C. de 07/10/2014)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLicencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)Control EfficacyEficácia do ControleEficiencia de ControlFood SafetyHordeum VulgareHordeumvulgareInocuidadPesticide ResiduesRamularia Collo-CygniResíduos de PesticidaResiduos de PesticidasSegurança AlimentarFungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grainsEstrategias de fungicidas recomendadas para el control de ramulariosis en Uruguay y sus residuos en granos de cebadaEstratégias de fungicidas para o controlo da ramulariose recomendadas no Uruguai e respectivos resíduos nos grãos de cevadaArtículoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionreponame:COLIBRIinstname:Universidad de la Repúblicainstacron:Universidad de la RepúblicaPalladino, CintiaPérez, Carlos A.Pareja, LuciaPérez-Parada, AndrésFranco, JorgePereyra, SilviaSiri, María InésLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-84267http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/43640/5/license.txt6429389a7df7277b72b7924fdc7d47a9MD55CC-LICENSElicense_urllicense_urltext/plain; charset=utf-844http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/43640/2/license_urla0ebbeafb9d2ec7cbb19d7137ebc392cMD52license_textlicense_texttext/html; charset=utf-820438http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/43640/3/license_text3fd1ebed2dc74f31b189736d0c5b4212MD53license_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-824251http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/43640/4/license_rdf71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90MD54ORIGINAL2730-5066--1262.pdf2730-5066--1262.pdfapplication/pdf731103http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/43640/1/2730-5066--1262.pdf4c35c3781488216ee6ab1fc3e13731efMD5120.500.12008/436402024-04-25 12:08:12.042oai:colibri.udelar.edu.uy:20.500.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Universidadhttps://udelar.edu.uy/https://www.colibri.udelar.edu.uy/oai/requestmabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uyUruguayopendoar:47712024-07-25T14:47:57.115909COLIBRI - Universidad de la Repúblicafalse |
spellingShingle | Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains Palladino, Cintia Control Efficacy Eficácia do Controle Eficiencia de Control Food Safety Hordeum Vulgare Hordeumvulgare Inocuidad Pesticide Residues Ramularia Collo-Cygni Resíduos de Pesticida Residuos de Pesticidas Segurança Alimentar |
status_str | publishedVersion |
title | Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains |
title_full | Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains |
title_fullStr | Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains |
title_full_unstemmed | Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains |
title_short | Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains |
title_sort | Fungicide strategies for Ramularia Leaf Spot control recommended in Uruguay and its residues in barley grains |
topic | Control Efficacy Eficácia do Controle Eficiencia de Control Food Safety Hordeum Vulgare Hordeumvulgare Inocuidad Pesticide Residues Ramularia Collo-Cygni Resíduos de Pesticida Residuos de Pesticidas Segurança Alimentar |
url | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/43640 |