Melanoma, ancestry and MC1R variations in the uruguayan admixed population
Melanoma, ancestralidad y variantes MC1R en la población mestizada uruguaya
Resumen:
Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most dangerous type of skin cancer and the main cause of death produced by skin diseases. In Uruguay, the incidence rate is 3.8/100,000, one of the highest in Latin America. We analyzed the contribution of ancestry and MC1R as a candidate gene for sporadic melanoma in Uruguay. Our objective wasto investigate the possible associations between ancestry and the MC1R gene with sporadic melanoma in the Uruguayan population. To that end, one hundred patients with sporadic MM and 107 controls were recruited. Phenotypic factors and lifestyle were evaluated as risk factors. At the same time, we analyzed fiveancestry informative markers, the MC1R variants (R151, R160 and D294H) and five tag-SNPs. Phototype, atypical nevi, sunburns and recreational exposure were the main risk factors for MM in the Uruguayan population. We confirmed 16q as a candidate region for MM. R151C, and R160W showed an important association with risk of melanoma (OR= 3.85, P= 1 x 10-2; OR= 10.15, P= 7 x 10-3, respectively). Furthermore, three novel MC1R haplotypes from the promoter region were detected,and the two most common haplotypes for the coding region were different to the ones found in Europeans through HapMap. However, MC1R coding region haplotypes revealed a highly similar frequency to that of the Spanish population. Our results showed that the chromosomal 16q region confers susceptibility to MM risk in the Uruguayan population. In addition, the admixed genome structure of the MC1R region could be part of the explanation of melanoma etiology.
El melanoma maligno (MM) es uno de los más peligrosos, y la principal causa de muerte producida por tumores de piel. En el Uruguay, la tasa de incidencia es de 3,8/100.000, una de las más altas de América Latina. En este trabajo analizamos la ancestría y el gen candidato MC1R entre los pacientes con MM del Uruguay. Nuestro objetivo fue investigar la posible asociación entre ancestría y el gen MC1R en pacientes con melanoma esporádico en la población uruguaya. Con tal finalidad, se reclutaron 100 pacientes con MM esporádico y 107 controles. Se evaluó el riesgo de factores fenotípicos y de estilo de vida. Además se analizaron cinco marcadores informativos de ancesdencia, variantes del gen MC1R (R151, R160 y D294H) y cinco tagSNPs. El fototipo, los nevos atípicos, quemaduras solares y la exposición recreativa fueron los principales factores de riesgo para MM en la población uruguaya. La región cromosómica 16q es candidata para MM, mientras que R151C y R160W mostraron una importante asociación con el riesgo para MM (OR= 3,85, P= 1 x 10-2; OR= 10,15, P= 7 x 10-3, respectivamente). Por otra parte, se detectaron tres nuevos haplotipos en la región promotora y los dos haplotipos más frecuentes en la región codificante son diferentes a los encontrados en la población europea. Sin embargo, los haplotipos de la región codificante presentan una frecuencia muy similar a las encontradas en la población española. Los resultados muestran que la región cromosómica 16q confiere susceptibilidad al riesgo de MM en la población uruguaya. Por otra parte, la estructura genómica mestizada de la región del MC1R podría explicar la etiología del melanoma.
2016 | |
Melanoma susceptibility Melanocortin 1 Receptor gene Red Hair Color (RHC) mutations Ancestry Uruguayan population Susceptibilidad a melanoma Gene Receptor de Melanocortina 1 Mutaciones Red Hair Color (RHC) Ancestralidad Población uruguaya |
|
Inglés | |
Universidad de la República | |
COLIBRI | |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/24784 | |
Acceso abierto | |
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial (CC - By-NC 4.0) |
Sumario: | Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most dangerous type of skin cancer and the main cause of death produced by skin diseases. In Uruguay, the incidence rate is 3.8/100,000, one of the highest in Latin America. We analyzed the contribution of ancestry and MC1R as a candidate gene for sporadic melanoma in Uruguay. Our objective wasto investigate the possible associations between ancestry and the MC1R gene with sporadic melanoma in the Uruguayan population. To that end, one hundred patients with sporadic MM and 107 controls were recruited. Phenotypic factors and lifestyle were evaluated as risk factors. At the same time, we analyzed fiveancestry informative markers, the MC1R variants (R151, R160 and D294H) and five tag-SNPs. Phototype, atypical nevi, sunburns and recreational exposure were the main risk factors for MM in the Uruguayan population. We confirmed 16q as a candidate region for MM. R151C, and R160W showed an important association with risk of melanoma (OR= 3.85, P= 1 x 10-2; OR= 10.15, P= 7 x 10-3, respectively). Furthermore, three novel MC1R haplotypes from the promoter region were detected,and the two most common haplotypes for the coding region were different to the ones found in Europeans through HapMap. However, MC1R coding region haplotypes revealed a highly similar frequency to that of the Spanish population. Our results showed that the chromosomal 16q region confers susceptibility to MM risk in the Uruguayan population. In addition, the admixed genome structure of the MC1R region could be part of the explanation of melanoma etiology. |
---|