Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements

Stapleford, K. - Moratorio, Gonzalo - Henningsson, R. - Chen, R. - Matheus, S. - Enfissi, A. - Weissglas-Volkov, D. - Isakov, O. - Blanc, H. - Mounce, B. C. - Dupont-Rouzeyrol, M. - Shomron, N. - Weaver, S. - Fontes, Magnus - Rousset, D. - Vignuzzi, Marco

Resumen:

Background Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus and member of the Togaviridae family, is capableof causing severe febrile disease in humans. In December of 2013 the Asian Lineage of CHIKV spread from the Old World to the Americas, spreading rapidly throughout the New World. Given this new emergence in naïve populations we studied the viral genetic diversity present in infected individuals to understand how CHIKV may have evolved during this continuing outbreak. Methodology/Principle Findings We used deep-sequencing technologies coupled with well-established bioinformatics pipelines to characterize the minority variants and diversity present in CHIKV infected individuals from Guadeloupe and Martinique, two islands in the center of the epidemic. We observed changes in the consensus sequence as well as a diverse range of minority variants present at various levels in the population. Furthermore, we found that overall diversity was dramatically reduced after single passages in cell lines. Finally, we constructed an infectious clone from this outbreak and identified a novel 3’ untranslated region (UTR) structure, not previously found in nature, that led to increased replication in insect cells. Conclusions/Significance Here we preformed an intrahost quasispecies analysis of the new CHIKV outbreak in the Caribbean. We identified novel variants present in infected individuals, as well as a new 3’UTR structure, suggesting that CHIKV has rapidly evolved in a short period of time once it entered this naïve population. These studies highlight the need to continue viral diversity surveillance over time as this epidemic evolves in order to understand the evolutionary potential of CHIKV.


Detalles Bibliográficos
2016
Chikungunya
Togaviridae
Genética
Virus
Inglés
Universidad de la República
COLIBRI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/22413
Acceso abierto
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)
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author Stapleford, K.
author2 Moratorio, Gonzalo
Henningsson, R.
Chen, R.
Matheus, S.
Enfissi, A.
Weissglas-Volkov, D.
Isakov, O.
Blanc, H.
Mounce, B. C.
Dupont-Rouzeyrol, M.
Shomron, N.
Weaver, S.
Fontes, Magnus
Rousset, D.
Vignuzzi, Marco
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author_facet Stapleford, K.
Moratorio, Gonzalo
Henningsson, R.
Chen, R.
Matheus, S.
Enfissi, A.
Weissglas-Volkov, D.
Isakov, O.
Blanc, H.
Mounce, B. C.
Dupont-Rouzeyrol, M.
Shomron, N.
Weaver, S.
Fontes, Magnus
Rousset, D.
Vignuzzi, Marco
author_role author
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collection COLIBRI
dc.contributor.filiacion.none.fl_str_mv Stapleford K.A.
Moratorio Gonzalo, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Ciencias. Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares. Instituto Pasteur
Henningsson R.
Chen R.
Matheus S.
Enfissi A.
Weissglas-Volkov D.
Isakov O.
Blanc H.
Mounce B.C
Dupont-Rouzeyrol M.
Shomron N.
Weaver S.
Fontes M.
Rousset D.
Vignuzz M.
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Stapleford, K.
Moratorio, Gonzalo
Henningsson, R.
Chen, R.
Matheus, S.
Enfissi, A.
Weissglas-Volkov, D.
Isakov, O.
Blanc, H.
Mounce, B. C.
Dupont-Rouzeyrol, M.
Shomron, N.
Weaver, S.
Fontes, Magnus
Rousset, D.
Vignuzzi, Marco
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2019-11-18T16:16:55Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2019-11-18T16:16:55Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2016
dc.description.abstract.none.fl_txt_mv Background Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus and member of the Togaviridae family, is capableof causing severe febrile disease in humans. In December of 2013 the Asian Lineage of CHIKV spread from the Old World to the Americas, spreading rapidly throughout the New World. Given this new emergence in naïve populations we studied the viral genetic diversity present in infected individuals to understand how CHIKV may have evolved during this continuing outbreak. Methodology/Principle Findings We used deep-sequencing technologies coupled with well-established bioinformatics pipelines to characterize the minority variants and diversity present in CHIKV infected individuals from Guadeloupe and Martinique, two islands in the center of the epidemic. We observed changes in the consensus sequence as well as a diverse range of minority variants present at various levels in the population. Furthermore, we found that overall diversity was dramatically reduced after single passages in cell lines. Finally, we constructed an infectious clone from this outbreak and identified a novel 3’ untranslated region (UTR) structure, not previously found in nature, that led to increased replication in insect cells. Conclusions/Significance Here we preformed an intrahost quasispecies analysis of the new CHIKV outbreak in the Caribbean. We identified novel variants present in infected individuals, as well as a new 3’UTR structure, suggesting that CHIKV has rapidly evolved in a short period of time once it entered this naïve population. These studies highlight the need to continue viral diversity surveillance over time as this epidemic evolves in order to understand the evolutionary potential of CHIKV.
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dc.identifier.citation.es.fl_str_mv STAPLEFORD, K.A., y otros."Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements" PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases [en línea]. 2016 10(1): e0004402. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004402
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004402
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 1935-2735
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/22413
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv en
eng
dc.publisher.es.fl_str_mv PLoS
dc.relation.ispartof.es.fl_str_mv PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2016 10(1): e0004402
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:COLIBRI
instname:Universidad de la República
instacron:Universidad de la República
dc.subject.es.fl_str_mv Chikungunya
Togaviridae
Genética
Virus
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements
dc.type.es.fl_str_mv Artículo
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
description Background Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus and member of the Togaviridae family, is capableof causing severe febrile disease in humans. In December of 2013 the Asian Lineage of CHIKV spread from the Old World to the Americas, spreading rapidly throughout the New World. Given this new emergence in naïve populations we studied the viral genetic diversity present in infected individuals to understand how CHIKV may have evolved during this continuing outbreak. Methodology/Principle Findings We used deep-sequencing technologies coupled with well-established bioinformatics pipelines to characterize the minority variants and diversity present in CHIKV infected individuals from Guadeloupe and Martinique, two islands in the center of the epidemic. We observed changes in the consensus sequence as well as a diverse range of minority variants present at various levels in the population. Furthermore, we found that overall diversity was dramatically reduced after single passages in cell lines. Finally, we constructed an infectious clone from this outbreak and identified a novel 3’ untranslated region (UTR) structure, not previously found in nature, that led to increased replication in insect cells. Conclusions/Significance Here we preformed an intrahost quasispecies analysis of the new CHIKV outbreak in the Caribbean. We identified novel variants present in infected individuals, as well as a new 3’UTR structure, suggesting that CHIKV has rapidly evolved in a short period of time once it entered this naïve population. These studies highlight the need to continue viral diversity surveillance over time as this epidemic evolves in order to understand the evolutionary potential of CHIKV.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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identifier_str_mv STAPLEFORD, K.A., y otros."Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements" PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases [en línea]. 2016 10(1): e0004402. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004402
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repository.mail.fl_str_mv mabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uy
repository.name.fl_str_mv COLIBRI - Universidad de la República
repository_id_str 4771
rights_invalid_str_mv Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)
spelling Stapleford K.A.Moratorio Gonzalo, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Ciencias. Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares. Instituto PasteurHenningsson R.Chen R.Matheus S.Enfissi A.Weissglas-Volkov D.Isakov O.Blanc H.Mounce B.CDupont-Rouzeyrol M.Shomron N.Weaver S.Fontes M.Rousset D.Vignuzz M.2019-11-18T16:16:55Z2019-11-18T16:16:55Z2016STAPLEFORD, K.A., y otros."Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements" PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases [en línea]. 2016 10(1): e0004402. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.00044021935-2735https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/2241310.1371/journal.pntd.0004402Background Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus and member of the Togaviridae family, is capableof causing severe febrile disease in humans. In December of 2013 the Asian Lineage of CHIKV spread from the Old World to the Americas, spreading rapidly throughout the New World. Given this new emergence in naïve populations we studied the viral genetic diversity present in infected individuals to understand how CHIKV may have evolved during this continuing outbreak. Methodology/Principle Findings We used deep-sequencing technologies coupled with well-established bioinformatics pipelines to characterize the minority variants and diversity present in CHIKV infected individuals from Guadeloupe and Martinique, two islands in the center of the epidemic. We observed changes in the consensus sequence as well as a diverse range of minority variants present at various levels in the population. Furthermore, we found that overall diversity was dramatically reduced after single passages in cell lines. Finally, we constructed an infectious clone from this outbreak and identified a novel 3’ untranslated region (UTR) structure, not previously found in nature, that led to increased replication in insect cells. Conclusions/Significance Here we preformed an intrahost quasispecies analysis of the new CHIKV outbreak in the Caribbean. We identified novel variants present in infected individuals, as well as a new 3’UTR structure, suggesting that CHIKV has rapidly evolved in a short period of time once it entered this naïve population. These studies highlight the need to continue viral diversity surveillance over time as this epidemic evolves in order to understand the evolutionary potential of CHIKV.Submitted by Faget Cecilia (lfaget@fcien.edu.uy) on 2019-11-18T13:58:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 19874 bytes, checksum: 38cb62ef53e6f513db2fb7e337df6485 (MD5) 101371journalpntd0004402.pdf: 1954782 bytes, checksum: 6514222efa085419756d260d01a86c70 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Faget Cecilia (lfaget@fcien.edu.uy) on 2019-11-18T15:30:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 19874 bytes, checksum: 38cb62ef53e6f513db2fb7e337df6485 (MD5) 101371journalpntd0004402.pdf: 1954782 bytes, checksum: 6514222efa085419756d260d01a86c70 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-18T16:16:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 19874 bytes, checksum: 38cb62ef53e6f513db2fb7e337df6485 (MD5) 101371journalpntd0004402.pdf: 1954782 bytes, checksum: 6514222efa085419756d260d01a86c70 (MD5) Previous issue date: 201618 happlication/pdfenengPLoSPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2016 10(1): e0004402Las obras depositadas en el Repositorio se rigen por la Ordenanza de los Derechos de la Propiedad Intelectual de la Universidad de la República.(Res. Nº 91 de C.D.C. de 8/III/1994 – D.O. 7/IV/1994) y por la Ordenanza del Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de la República (Res. Nº 16 de C.D.C. de 07/10/2014)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLicencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)ChikungunyaTogaviridaeGenéticaVirusWhole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elementsArtículoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionreponame:COLIBRIinstname:Universidad de la Repúblicainstacron:Universidad de la RepúblicaStapleford, K.Moratorio, GonzaloHenningsson, R.Chen, R.Matheus, S.Enfissi, A.Weissglas-Volkov, D.Isakov, O.Blanc, H.Mounce, B. C.Dupont-Rouzeyrol, M.Shomron, N.Weaver, S.Fontes, MagnusRousset, D.Vignuzzi, MarcoLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-84267http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/22413/5/license.txt6429389a7df7277b72b7924fdc7d47a9MD55CC-LICENSElicense_urllicense_urltext/plain; charset=utf-844http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/22413/2/license_urla0ebbeafb9d2ec7cbb19d7137ebc392cMD52license_textlicense_texttext/html; charset=utf-838295http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/22413/3/license_text4a6b4669d0f5b3ec2d42f9488c59c312MD53license_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-819874http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/22413/4/license_rdf38cb62ef53e6f513db2fb7e337df6485MD54ORIGINAL101371journalpntd0004402.pdf101371journalpntd0004402.pdfapplication/pdf1954782http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/22413/1/101371journalpntd0004402.pdf6514222efa085419756d260d01a86c70MD5120.500.12008/224132023-07-26 08:37:43.198oai:colibri.udelar.edu.uy:20.500.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- Universidad de la Repúblicafalse
spellingShingle Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements
Stapleford, K.
Chikungunya
Togaviridae
Genética
Virus
status_str publishedVersion
title Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements
title_full Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements
title_fullStr Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements
title_full_unstemmed Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements
title_short Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements
title_sort Whole-genome sequencing analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean outbreak reveals novel evolutionary genomic elements
topic Chikungunya
Togaviridae
Genética
Virus
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/22413