Political economic uncertainty in a small & open economy : the case of Uruguay
Resumen:
It has been well documented by the macroeconomic literature the negative effects of economic policy instability on economic uncertainty and investment decisions. In changing environments, agents prefer to delay investment decisions in fixed capital, ultimately leading to the depression of economic activity. Uruguay, as a small and open economy of South America, has historically faced strong external shocks. Therefore, not only local instability of economic policy affects, also international and regional ones affect macroeconomic volatility and growth. With the objective of quantifying and analyzing uncertainty and volatility in the Uruguayan economy, we built an uncertainty composite index adapting the methodology proposed by Baker, Bloom & Davis (2015). In order to address how local and global economic policy uncertainty affects the volatility of the Uruguayan economy we include in the composite index, local and external uncertainty indicators. We represent local uncertainty by agent’s divergence on expectations about the future of the exchange rate. In order to account for both, regional and global shocks, we include uncertainty indicators of the relevant economic-world for Uruguay. Empirical strategy is based on a combination of statistical methods of principal components analysis and time series techniques. We test two alternative indexes, both of them starting in January 2004. Our results show that although both uncertainty indexes seem to be good predictors of the volatility for the whole period, they losses predictability power in the last years.
La literatura macroeconómica ha documentado ampliamente los efectos negativos de la inestabilidad política tanto en la incertidumbre económica como en las decisiones de inversión. En entornos cambiantes, los agentes prefieren postergar decisiones de inversión en capital fijo conduciendo en última instancia a la reducción de la actividad económica. Uruguay como economía pequeña y abierta de América Latina históricamente ha enfrentado fuertes shocks externos. Por lo tanto, la volatilidad macroeconómica y el crecimiento son afectados no sólo por la inestabilidad de la política económica local, sino también por la internacional y regional. Con el objetivo de cuantificar y analizar la incertidumbre y la volatilidad de la economía uruguaya, construimos un índice compuesto de incertidumbre adaptando la metodología propuesta por Baker, Bloom & Davis (2015). Para abordar cómo la incertidumbre de la política económica local y global impacta en la volatilidad de la economía uruguaya, incluimos en el índice compuesto indicadores de incertidumbre locales y externos. Representamos la incertidumbre local por medio de la discrepancia de los agentes en relación a las expectativas del tipo de cambio futuro. Asimismo, como forma de incorporar los shocks regionales y globales, incluimos indicadores de incertidumbre del mundo económico relevante para la economía de Uruguay. La estrategia empírica se basa en una combinación de métodos estadísticos de análisis de componentes principales y de series temporales. Elaboramos dos índices alternativos, ambos a partir de enero de 2004. Los resultados nos indican que si bien ambos índices de incertidumbre parecen ser buenos predictores de la volatilidad para todo el período, pierden capacidad de predicción en los últimos años.
2018 | |
Political economic uncertainty, Uncertainty Volatility Principal components analysis Incertidumbre de política económica CICLOS ECONOMICOS VOLATILIDAD ANALISIS MACROECONOMICO POLITICA ECONOMICA |
|
Inglés | |
Universidad de la República | |
COLIBRI | |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/19004 | |
Acceso abierto | |
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución – No Comercial – Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND) |
Sumario: | It has been well documented by the macroeconomic literature the negative effects of economic policy instability on economic uncertainty and investment decisions. In changing environments, agents prefer to delay investment decisions in fixed capital, ultimately leading to the depression of economic activity. Uruguay, as a small and open economy of South America, has historically faced strong external shocks. Therefore, not only local instability of economic policy affects, also international and regional ones affect macroeconomic volatility and growth. With the objective of quantifying and analyzing uncertainty and volatility in the Uruguayan economy, we built an uncertainty composite index adapting the methodology proposed by Baker, Bloom & Davis (2015). In order to address how local and global economic policy uncertainty affects the volatility of the Uruguayan economy we include in the composite index, local and external uncertainty indicators. We represent local uncertainty by agent’s divergence on expectations about the future of the exchange rate. In order to account for both, regional and global shocks, we include uncertainty indicators of the relevant economic-world for Uruguay. Empirical strategy is based on a combination of statistical methods of principal components analysis and time series techniques. We test two alternative indexes, both of them starting in January 2004. Our results show that although both uncertainty indexes seem to be good predictors of the volatility for the whole period, they losses predictability power in the last years. |
---|