Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato

Interacción fungicidas-tizón tardío en la síntesis de compuestos fenólicos y actividad de enzimas de defensa en tomate

Interação fungicida-requeima na síntese de compostos fenólicos e atividade de enzimas de defesa em tomateiro

Enciso-Maldonado, Guillermo A. - Lozoya-Saldaña, Hector - Colinas-León, María Teresa - Díaz-García, Gabriela - Montoya-García, Cesar Omar

Editor(es): Pereyra, Silvia

Resumen:

Due to the significant impact of late blight (LB) (Phytophthora infestans [Mont.]) on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), we investigated the interaction between fungicides and this disease to understand how some plant defense mechanisms are affected over time. Following a randomized design, we evaluated the synthesis of phenolic compounds (PHE) and the activity of phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL), peroxidases (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The experiment involved the application of fosetyl-Al and fluoxastrobin (fungicides with dual modes of action) on healthy and infected tomato plants. LB severity was assessed weekly and leaf samples were collected at various intervals for biochemical analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 0.05) analyzed main effects of infection, fungicide, and time on response variables, followed by Bonferroni post hoc for significant group differences and regression models to evaluate variable effects over time. The application of fungicides had no effect on enzymatic activity or PHE accumulation. While PAL and SOD activities were not significantly affected by infection, POX activity was significantly higher in healthy plants (4793.8 U g-1 fresh weight) compared to infected plants (1858.1 U g-1 fresh weight). A complex interaction between PHE accumulation in relation to LB severity and time was observed, with a notable increase in PHE levels at 50 days after transplant when disease severity was between 25 and 50%. Future studies should consider including a broader range of genotypes and isolates of P. infestans, a more extensive set of biochemical responses, and evaluations of the overexpression of genes related to plant defense.


Debido al impacto del tizón tardío (TT), causado por Phytophthora infestans, en el tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) se realizó un estudio sobre la interacción de fungicidas con la enfermedad y su efecto en defensas vegetales. Se realizó un experimento bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azar, donde se aplicaron fosetil-Al y fluoxastrobina, fungicidas de doble acción, a tomates sanos e infectados. Se evaluó la severidad del TT semanalmente y se tomaron muestras de hojas para analizar la síntesis de compuestos fenólicos y la actividad de enzimas como fenilalanina amonio liasa (PAL), peroxidasas (POX) y superóxido dismutasa (SOD). A través del análisis de Kruskal-Wallis y la prueba de comparación post hoc de Bonferroni se estudiaron los efectos de la infección, el fungicida y el tiempo. Los resultados mostraron que los fungicidas no afectaron la actividad enzimática ni la acumulación de compuestos fenólicos. La actividad de PAL y SOD no varió significativamente con la infección, mientras que la de POX fue mayor en plantas sanas. Se observó una relación compleja entre la acumulación de fenólicos, la severidad del TT y el tiempo, destacando un incremento en los fenólicos a los 50 días, cuando la enfermedad alcanzaba una severidad del 25-50 %. Futuras investigaciones deberían incluir más genotipos y aislamientos de P. infestans, un rango más amplio de respuestas bioquímicas y evaluaciones de sobreexpresión genética relacionada con la defensa vegetal.


Devido ao impacto da requeima, causado por Phytophthora infestans, no tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.), foi realizado um estudo sobre a interação dos fungicidas com a doença e seu efeito nas defesas vegetais. Um experimento foi conduzido sob um desenho experimental completamente ao acaso, onde foram aplicados fosetil-Al e fluoxastrobina, fungicidas de dupla ação, em tomates saudáveis e infectados. A severidade darequeima foi avaliada semanalmente e amostras de folhas foram coletadas para analisar a síntese de compostos fenólicos e a atividade de enzimas como fenilalanina amônio liase (PAL), peroxidases (POX) e superóxido dismutase (SOD). Através da análise de Kruskal-Wallis e do teste de comparação post hoc de Bonferroni, os efeitos da infecção, do fungicida e do tempo foram estudados. Os resultados mostraram que os fungicidas não afetaram a atividade enzimática nem a acumulação de compostos fenólicos. A atividade de PAL e SOD não variou significativamente com a infecção, enquanto a de POX foi maior em plantas saudáveis. Observou-se uma relação complexa entre a acumulação de fenólicos, a severidade da requeima e o tempo, destacando um aumento nos fenólicos aos 50 dias, quando a doença alcançava uma severidade de 25-50%. Futuras pesquisas deveriam incluir mais genótipos e isolados de P. infestans, uma gama mais ampla de respostas bioquímicas e avaliações de sobreexpressão genética relacionada à defesa vegetal.


Detalles Bibliográficos
2024
Fluoxastrobin
Fluoxastrobina
Fosetil-Al
Phytophthora Infestans
Solanum Lycopersicum
Inglés
Universidad de la República
COLIBRI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/44814
Acceso abierto
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)
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author Enciso-Maldonado, Guillermo A.
author2 Lozoya-Saldaña, Hector
Colinas-León, María Teresa
Díaz-García, Gabriela
Montoya-García, Cesar Omar
author2_role author
author
author
author
author_facet Enciso-Maldonado, Guillermo A.
Lozoya-Saldaña, Hector
Colinas-León, María Teresa
Díaz-García, Gabriela
Montoya-García, Cesar Omar
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dc.contributor.filiacion.none.fl_str_mv Enciso-Maldonado Guillermo A., Universidad Católica «Nuestra Señora de la Asunción», Unidad Pedagógica Hohenau, Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Hohenau, Paraguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-7627
Lozoya-Saldaña Hector, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Instituto de Horticultura, Texcoco, México https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5451-9981
Colinas-León María Teresa, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Instituto de Horticultura, Texcoco, México https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-5928
Díaz-García Gabriela, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Instituto de Horticultura, Texcoco, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-7497
Montoya-García Cesar Omar, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Ciudad de México, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7176-074X
dc.creator.editor.none.fl_str_mv Pereyra, Silvia
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Enciso-Maldonado, Guillermo A.
Lozoya-Saldaña, Hector
Colinas-León, María Teresa
Díaz-García, Gabriela
Montoya-García, Cesar Omar
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2024-07-17T21:02:43Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2024-07-17T21:02:43Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2024
dc.description.abstract.none.fl_txt_mv Due to the significant impact of late blight (LB) (Phytophthora infestans [Mont.]) on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), we investigated the interaction between fungicides and this disease to understand how some plant defense mechanisms are affected over time. Following a randomized design, we evaluated the synthesis of phenolic compounds (PHE) and the activity of phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL), peroxidases (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The experiment involved the application of fosetyl-Al and fluoxastrobin (fungicides with dual modes of action) on healthy and infected tomato plants. LB severity was assessed weekly and leaf samples were collected at various intervals for biochemical analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 0.05) analyzed main effects of infection, fungicide, and time on response variables, followed by Bonferroni post hoc for significant group differences and regression models to evaluate variable effects over time. The application of fungicides had no effect on enzymatic activity or PHE accumulation. While PAL and SOD activities were not significantly affected by infection, POX activity was significantly higher in healthy plants (4793.8 U g-1 fresh weight) compared to infected plants (1858.1 U g-1 fresh weight). A complex interaction between PHE accumulation in relation to LB severity and time was observed, with a notable increase in PHE levels at 50 days after transplant when disease severity was between 25 and 50%. Future studies should consider including a broader range of genotypes and isolates of P. infestans, a more extensive set of biochemical responses, and evaluations of the overexpression of genes related to plant defense.
Debido al impacto del tizón tardío (TT), causado por Phytophthora infestans, en el tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) se realizó un estudio sobre la interacción de fungicidas con la enfermedad y su efecto en defensas vegetales. Se realizó un experimento bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azar, donde se aplicaron fosetil-Al y fluoxastrobina, fungicidas de doble acción, a tomates sanos e infectados. Se evaluó la severidad del TT semanalmente y se tomaron muestras de hojas para analizar la síntesis de compuestos fenólicos y la actividad de enzimas como fenilalanina amonio liasa (PAL), peroxidasas (POX) y superóxido dismutasa (SOD). A través del análisis de Kruskal-Wallis y la prueba de comparación post hoc de Bonferroni se estudiaron los efectos de la infección, el fungicida y el tiempo. Los resultados mostraron que los fungicidas no afectaron la actividad enzimática ni la acumulación de compuestos fenólicos. La actividad de PAL y SOD no varió significativamente con la infección, mientras que la de POX fue mayor en plantas sanas. Se observó una relación compleja entre la acumulación de fenólicos, la severidad del TT y el tiempo, destacando un incremento en los fenólicos a los 50 días, cuando la enfermedad alcanzaba una severidad del 25-50 %. Futuras investigaciones deberían incluir más genotipos y aislamientos de P. infestans, un rango más amplio de respuestas bioquímicas y evaluaciones de sobreexpresión genética relacionada con la defensa vegetal.
Devido ao impacto da requeima, causado por Phytophthora infestans, no tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.), foi realizado um estudo sobre a interação dos fungicidas com a doença e seu efeito nas defesas vegetais. Um experimento foi conduzido sob um desenho experimental completamente ao acaso, onde foram aplicados fosetil-Al e fluoxastrobina, fungicidas de dupla ação, em tomates saudáveis e infectados. A severidade darequeima foi avaliada semanalmente e amostras de folhas foram coletadas para analisar a síntese de compostos fenólicos e a atividade de enzimas como fenilalanina amônio liase (PAL), peroxidases (POX) e superóxido dismutase (SOD). Através da análise de Kruskal-Wallis e do teste de comparação post hoc de Bonferroni, os efeitos da infecção, do fungicida e do tempo foram estudados. Os resultados mostraram que os fungicidas não afetaram a atividade enzimática nem a acumulação de compostos fenólicos. A atividade de PAL e SOD não variou significativamente com a infecção, enquanto a de POX foi maior em plantas saudáveis. Observou-se uma relação complexa entre a acumulação de fenólicos, a severidade da requeima e o tempo, destacando um aumento nos fenólicos aos 50 dias, quando a doença alcançava uma severidade de 25-50%. Futuras pesquisas deveriam incluir mais genótipos e isolados de P. infestans, uma gama mais ampla de respostas bioquímicas e avaliações de sobreexpressão genética relacionada à defesa vegetal.
dc.format.extent.es.fl_str_mv e1434
dc.format.mimetype.es.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.identifier.citation.es.fl_str_mv Enciso-Maldonado, G. A., Lozoya-Saldaña, H., Colinas-León, M. T. y otros. "Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato". Agrociencia Uruguay [en línea]. 2024, 28, e1434. Doi: 10.31285/AGRO.28.1434.
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.31285/AGRO.28.1434
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 2730-5066
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/44814
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv en
eng
dc.publisher.es.fl_str_mv Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República - INIA
dc.relation.ispartof.es.fl_str_mv Agrociencia Uruguay, 2024 28:e1434
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:COLIBRI
instname:Universidad de la República
instacron:Universidad de la República
dc.subject.es.fl_str_mv Fluoxastrobin
Fluoxastrobina
Fosetil-Al
Phytophthora Infestans
Solanum Lycopersicum
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato
Interacción fungicidas-tizón tardío en la síntesis de compuestos fenólicos y actividad de enzimas de defensa en tomate
Interação fungicida-requeima na síntese de compostos fenólicos e atividade de enzimas de defesa em tomateiro
dc.type.es.fl_str_mv Artículo
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
description Due to the significant impact of late blight (LB) (Phytophthora infestans [Mont.]) on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), we investigated the interaction between fungicides and this disease to understand how some plant defense mechanisms are affected over time. Following a randomized design, we evaluated the synthesis of phenolic compounds (PHE) and the activity of phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL), peroxidases (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The experiment involved the application of fosetyl-Al and fluoxastrobin (fungicides with dual modes of action) on healthy and infected tomato plants. LB severity was assessed weekly and leaf samples were collected at various intervals for biochemical analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 0.05) analyzed main effects of infection, fungicide, and time on response variables, followed by Bonferroni post hoc for significant group differences and regression models to evaluate variable effects over time. The application of fungicides had no effect on enzymatic activity or PHE accumulation. While PAL and SOD activities were not significantly affected by infection, POX activity was significantly higher in healthy plants (4793.8 U g-1 fresh weight) compared to infected plants (1858.1 U g-1 fresh weight). A complex interaction between PHE accumulation in relation to LB severity and time was observed, with a notable increase in PHE levels at 50 days after transplant when disease severity was between 25 and 50%. Future studies should consider including a broader range of genotypes and isolates of P. infestans, a more extensive set of biochemical responses, and evaluations of the overexpression of genes related to plant defense.
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identifier_str_mv Enciso-Maldonado, G. A., Lozoya-Saldaña, H., Colinas-León, M. T. y otros. "Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato". Agrociencia Uruguay [en línea]. 2024, 28, e1434. Doi: 10.31285/AGRO.28.1434.
2730-5066
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repository.name.fl_str_mv COLIBRI - Universidad de la República
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rights_invalid_str_mv Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)
spelling Enciso-Maldonado Guillermo A., Universidad Católica «Nuestra Señora de la Asunción», Unidad Pedagógica Hohenau, Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Hohenau, Paraguay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-7627Lozoya-Saldaña Hector, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Instituto de Horticultura, Texcoco, México https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5451-9981Colinas-León María Teresa, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Instituto de Horticultura, Texcoco, México https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-5928Díaz-García Gabriela, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Instituto de Horticultura, Texcoco, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-7497Montoya-García Cesar Omar, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Ciudad de México, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7176-074X2024-07-17T21:02:43Z2024-07-17T21:02:43Z2024Enciso-Maldonado, G. A., Lozoya-Saldaña, H., Colinas-León, M. T. y otros. "Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato". Agrociencia Uruguay [en línea]. 2024, 28, e1434. Doi: 10.31285/AGRO.28.1434.2730-5066https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/4481410.31285/AGRO.28.1434Due to the significant impact of late blight (LB) (Phytophthora infestans [Mont.]) on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), we investigated the interaction between fungicides and this disease to understand how some plant defense mechanisms are affected over time. Following a randomized design, we evaluated the synthesis of phenolic compounds (PHE) and the activity of phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL), peroxidases (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The experiment involved the application of fosetyl-Al and fluoxastrobin (fungicides with dual modes of action) on healthy and infected tomato plants. LB severity was assessed weekly and leaf samples were collected at various intervals for biochemical analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 0.05) analyzed main effects of infection, fungicide, and time on response variables, followed by Bonferroni post hoc for significant group differences and regression models to evaluate variable effects over time. The application of fungicides had no effect on enzymatic activity or PHE accumulation. While PAL and SOD activities were not significantly affected by infection, POX activity was significantly higher in healthy plants (4793.8 U g-1 fresh weight) compared to infected plants (1858.1 U g-1 fresh weight). A complex interaction between PHE accumulation in relation to LB severity and time was observed, with a notable increase in PHE levels at 50 days after transplant when disease severity was between 25 and 50%. Future studies should consider including a broader range of genotypes and isolates of P. infestans, a more extensive set of biochemical responses, and evaluations of the overexpression of genes related to plant defense.Debido al impacto del tizón tardío (TT), causado por Phytophthora infestans, en el tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) se realizó un estudio sobre la interacción de fungicidas con la enfermedad y su efecto en defensas vegetales. Se realizó un experimento bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azar, donde se aplicaron fosetil-Al y fluoxastrobina, fungicidas de doble acción, a tomates sanos e infectados. Se evaluó la severidad del TT semanalmente y se tomaron muestras de hojas para analizar la síntesis de compuestos fenólicos y la actividad de enzimas como fenilalanina amonio liasa (PAL), peroxidasas (POX) y superóxido dismutasa (SOD). A través del análisis de Kruskal-Wallis y la prueba de comparación post hoc de Bonferroni se estudiaron los efectos de la infección, el fungicida y el tiempo. Los resultados mostraron que los fungicidas no afectaron la actividad enzimática ni la acumulación de compuestos fenólicos. La actividad de PAL y SOD no varió significativamente con la infección, mientras que la de POX fue mayor en plantas sanas. Se observó una relación compleja entre la acumulación de fenólicos, la severidad del TT y el tiempo, destacando un incremento en los fenólicos a los 50 días, cuando la enfermedad alcanzaba una severidad del 25-50 %. Futuras investigaciones deberían incluir más genotipos y aislamientos de P. infestans, un rango más amplio de respuestas bioquímicas y evaluaciones de sobreexpresión genética relacionada con la defensa vegetal.Devido ao impacto da requeima, causado por Phytophthora infestans, no tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.), foi realizado um estudo sobre a interação dos fungicidas com a doença e seu efeito nas defesas vegetais. Um experimento foi conduzido sob um desenho experimental completamente ao acaso, onde foram aplicados fosetil-Al e fluoxastrobina, fungicidas de dupla ação, em tomates saudáveis e infectados. A severidade darequeima foi avaliada semanalmente e amostras de folhas foram coletadas para analisar a síntese de compostos fenólicos e a atividade de enzimas como fenilalanina amônio liase (PAL), peroxidases (POX) e superóxido dismutase (SOD). Através da análise de Kruskal-Wallis e do teste de comparação post hoc de Bonferroni, os efeitos da infecção, do fungicida e do tempo foram estudados. Os resultados mostraram que os fungicidas não afetaram a atividade enzimática nem a acumulação de compostos fenólicos. A atividade de PAL e SOD não variou significativamente com a infecção, enquanto a de POX foi maior em plantas saudáveis. Observou-se uma relação complexa entre a acumulação de fenólicos, a severidade da requeima e o tempo, destacando um aumento nos fenólicos aos 50 dias, quando a doença alcançava uma severidade de 25-50%. Futuras pesquisas deveriam incluir mais genótipos e isolados de P. infestans, uma gama mais ampla de respostas bioquímicas e avaliações de sobreexpressão genética relacionada à defesa vegetal.Submitted by Colombo Cabanas Stephanie (colombo@fagro.edu.uy) on 2024-07-17T14:20:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1434.pdf: 673620 bytes, checksum: f4ebc76c58061104340e532a51d93c23 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Muniz Andrea (rosmeri8@hotmail.com) on 2024-07-17T17:48:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1434.pdf: 673620 bytes, checksum: f4ebc76c58061104340e532a51d93c23 (MD5)Made available in DSpace by Seroubian Mabel (mabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uy) on 2024-07-17T21:02:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1434.pdf: 673620 bytes, checksum: f4ebc76c58061104340e532a51d93c23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2024e1434application/pdfenengFacultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República - INIAAgrociencia Uruguay, 2024 28:e1434Las obras depositadas en el Repositorio se rigen por la Ordenanza de los Derechos de la Propiedad Intelectual de la Universidad de la República.(Res. Nº 91 de C.D.C. de 8/III/1994 – D.O. 7/IV/1994) y por la Ordenanza del Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de la República (Res. Nº 16 de C.D.C. de 07/10/2014)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLicencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)FluoxastrobinFluoxastrobinaFosetil-AlPhytophthora InfestansSolanum LycopersicumFungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomatoInteracción fungicidas-tizón tardío en la síntesis de compuestos fenólicos y actividad de enzimas de defensa en tomateInteração fungicida-requeima na síntese de compostos fenólicos e atividade de enzimas de defesa em tomateiroArtículoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionreponame:COLIBRIinstname:Universidad de la Repúblicainstacron:Universidad de la RepúblicaEnciso-Maldonado, Guillermo A.Lozoya-Saldaña, HectorColinas-León, María TeresaDíaz-García, GabrielaMontoya-García, Cesar OmarPereyra, SilviaLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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- Universidad de la Repúblicafalse
spellingShingle Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato
Enciso-Maldonado, Guillermo A.
Fluoxastrobin
Fluoxastrobina
Fosetil-Al
Phytophthora Infestans
Solanum Lycopersicum
status_str publishedVersion
title Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato
title_full Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato
title_fullStr Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato
title_full_unstemmed Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato
title_short Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato
title_sort Fungicides-late blight interaction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds and defense enzyme activity in tomato
topic Fluoxastrobin
Fluoxastrobina
Fosetil-Al
Phytophthora Infestans
Solanum Lycopersicum
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/44814