Functional income distribution in Uruguay (1870 – 1908). A methodological note

Marmissolle, Pablo - Willebald, Henry

Resumen:

We describe the methodology and sources used to estimate the functional income distribution series in Uruguay for the period prior to the 1908 census. We show the estimates and splices made to obtain continuous series with an annual frequency for the period 1870–1908. Income is decomposed, in functional terms, into wages, land rents, mixed capital-labour incomes, and profits. Given the extended time frame and diversity of available sources, we first describe the methodology used to estimate each income component in 1880-1908, followed by the estimation method for 1870-1880. The results indicate that the main changes in the distribution are observed between profits and wages. Until the outbreak of the crisis in 1890, there was a clear upward trend in the profit share, the counterpart of which was a decline in the wage share. After the crisis, the trends reversed. From 1894 onwards, both shares showed a stable trend until the end of the period, although significant variations in their levels can be observed. Land revenue represented 20% of income until 1883; its share of income fell in 1884-1887, after which it stabilised at approximately 16%. Mixed incomes maintained a relatively stable income share of around 7%.


En este documento se describe la metodología y las fuentes utilizadas para la estimación de series de distribución funcional del ingreso de Uruguay, de frecuencia anual, para el período 1870-1908. El ingreso se descompone, en términos funcionales, en salarios (remuneración de asalariados), rentas de la tierra, ingresos mixtos capital-trabajo y beneficios. Dada la extensión del período objeto de estudio y la diversidad de fuentes disponibles, se describe en primer lugar la metodología utilizada para estimar cada componente del ingreso en 1880-1908 y, en segundo lugar, el método de estimación para 1870-1880. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los principales cambios en la distribución funcional durante el período se observan, como era de esperarse, entre beneficios y salarios. Hasta el estallido de la crisis de 1890, se aprecia una clara tendencia al alza en la participación de los beneficios en el ingreso, cuya contrapartida fue una tendencia decreciente en la participación de los salarios. Tras la crisis, las tendencias se revirtieron. A partir de 1894, ambas participaciones muestran una tendencia estable hasta el final del periodo, aunque se observan variaciones significativas año a año. Las rentas de la tierra representaron el 20% del ingreso hasta 1883; en 1884-1887 su participación en el ingreso se redujo, tras lo cual se estabilizó alrededor de 16% hasta fines del período de análisis. Los ingresos mixtos mantuvieron una participación en el ingreso relativamente estable en torno a 7%.


Detalles Bibliográficos
2023
Functional income distribution
Uruguay
National accounts
Distribución funcional del ingreso
Cuentas nacionales
HISTORIA ECONOMICA
Inglés
Universidad de la República
COLIBRI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/42237
Acceso abierto
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)
Resumen:
Sumario:We describe the methodology and sources used to estimate the functional income distribution series in Uruguay for the period prior to the 1908 census. We show the estimates and splices made to obtain continuous series with an annual frequency for the period 1870–1908. Income is decomposed, in functional terms, into wages, land rents, mixed capital-labour incomes, and profits. Given the extended time frame and diversity of available sources, we first describe the methodology used to estimate each income component in 1880-1908, followed by the estimation method for 1870-1880. The results indicate that the main changes in the distribution are observed between profits and wages. Until the outbreak of the crisis in 1890, there was a clear upward trend in the profit share, the counterpart of which was a decline in the wage share. After the crisis, the trends reversed. From 1894 onwards, both shares showed a stable trend until the end of the period, although significant variations in their levels can be observed. Land revenue represented 20% of income until 1883; its share of income fell in 1884-1887, after which it stabilised at approximately 16%. Mixed incomes maintained a relatively stable income share of around 7%.