Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations
Cultivo, procesamiento y producción de cáñamo anatolio (Cannabis sativa L.): historia y observaciones recientes
Cultivo, processamento e produção de cânhamo anatoliano (Cannabis sativa L.): história e observações recentes
Editor(es): Giménez, Gustavo
Resumen:
Cannabis sativa L. has been grown in Anatolia since ancient times and commercial cultivation persists on a limited scale today. Valued for its durable fiber and nutritious seed, hemp was an important subsistence crop in many rural households. Throughout the Ottoman Empire hemp cordage, fabrics and oakum were maritime necessities and internationally traded commodities. During the twentieth century commercial hemp fiber and seed production levels fluctuated due to regulatory and market forces, eventually leading to a steady decline commencing in the 1980s. Hemp production in Turkey only survives today in specialized market settings, although recently production has increased. Historical data largely gleaned from Turkish language sources is presented along with personal communications and field observations.
La Cannabis sativa L. ha sido cultivada en Anatolia desde la antigüedad y hoy en día persiste su cultivo comercial en una escala limitada. Valorado por su fibra resistente y sus semillas nutritivas, el cáñamo fue un cultivo importante para el sustento de muchos hogares rurales. A lo largo del Imperio otomano, los cordajes de cáñamo, tejidos y estopa eran necesidades marítimas y productos comercializados a nivel internacional. Durante el siglo XX, los niveles de producción comercial de fibra y semillas de cáñamo fluctuaron debido a fuerzas regulatorias y del mercado, lo que finalmente llevó a un declive constante a partir de la década de 1980. La producción de cáñamo en Turquía solo sobrevive hoy en entornos de mercado especializados, aunque recientemente la producción ha aumentado. Se presentan datos históricos obtenidos en gran parte de fuentes en idioma turco, junto con comunicaciones personales y observaciones de campo.
A Cannabis sativa L. tem sido cultivada na Anatolia desde tempos antigos e o cultivo comercial persiste atualmente em uma escala limitada. Valorizado por sua fibra durável e semente nutritiva, o cânhamo foi uma importante cultura de subsistência em muitas famílias rurais. Em todo o Império Otomano, cordas de cânhamo, tecidos e estopa eram necessidades marítimas e commodities comercializadas internacionalmente. Ao longo do século XX, os níveis de produção comercial de fibra e semente de cânhamo flutuaram devido a forças regulatórias e de mercado, levando eventualmente a um declínio constante a partir da década de 1980. A produção de cânhamo na Turquia sobrevive apenas hoje em configurações de mercado especializadas, embora recentemente a produção tenha aumentado. Dados históricos em grande parte obtidos a partir de fontes em língua turca são apresentados juntamente com comunicações pessoais e observações de campo.
2023 | |
Anatolia Cáñamo Cânhamo Cannabis Hemp Regulaciones Regulamentações Regulations Turkey Turquia Turquía |
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Inglés | |
Universidad de la República | |
COLIBRI | |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/42285 | |
Acceso abierto | |
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0) |
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author | Clarke, Robert |
author_facet | Clarke, Robert |
author_role | author |
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collection | COLIBRI |
dc.contributor.filiacion.none.fl_str_mv | Clarke Robert, BioAgronomics Group Consultants, Los Angeles, California, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9260-0959 |
dc.creator.editor.none.fl_str_mv | Giménez, Gustavo |
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Clarke, Robert |
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv | 2024-01-31T16:57:52Z |
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv | 2024-01-31T16:57:52Z |
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv | 2023 |
dc.description.abstract.none.fl_txt_mv | Cannabis sativa L. has been grown in Anatolia since ancient times and commercial cultivation persists on a limited scale today. Valued for its durable fiber and nutritious seed, hemp was an important subsistence crop in many rural households. Throughout the Ottoman Empire hemp cordage, fabrics and oakum were maritime necessities and internationally traded commodities. During the twentieth century commercial hemp fiber and seed production levels fluctuated due to regulatory and market forces, eventually leading to a steady decline commencing in the 1980s. Hemp production in Turkey only survives today in specialized market settings, although recently production has increased. Historical data largely gleaned from Turkish language sources is presented along with personal communications and field observations. La Cannabis sativa L. ha sido cultivada en Anatolia desde la antigüedad y hoy en día persiste su cultivo comercial en una escala limitada. Valorado por su fibra resistente y sus semillas nutritivas, el cáñamo fue un cultivo importante para el sustento de muchos hogares rurales. A lo largo del Imperio otomano, los cordajes de cáñamo, tejidos y estopa eran necesidades marítimas y productos comercializados a nivel internacional. Durante el siglo XX, los niveles de producción comercial de fibra y semillas de cáñamo fluctuaron debido a fuerzas regulatorias y del mercado, lo que finalmente llevó a un declive constante a partir de la década de 1980. La producción de cáñamo en Turquía solo sobrevive hoy en entornos de mercado especializados, aunque recientemente la producción ha aumentado. Se presentan datos históricos obtenidos en gran parte de fuentes en idioma turco, junto con comunicaciones personales y observaciones de campo. A Cannabis sativa L. tem sido cultivada na Anatolia desde tempos antigos e o cultivo comercial persiste atualmente em uma escala limitada. Valorizado por sua fibra durável e semente nutritiva, o cânhamo foi uma importante cultura de subsistência em muitas famílias rurais. Em todo o Império Otomano, cordas de cânhamo, tecidos e estopa eram necessidades marítimas e commodities comercializadas internacionalmente. Ao longo do século XX, os níveis de produção comercial de fibra e semente de cânhamo flutuaram devido a forças regulatórias e de mercado, levando eventualmente a um declínio constante a partir da década de 1980. A produção de cânhamo na Turquia sobrevive apenas hoje em configurações de mercado especializadas, embora recentemente a produção tenha aumentado. Dados históricos em grande parte obtidos a partir de fontes em língua turca são apresentados juntamente com comunicações pessoais e observações de campo. |
dc.format.extent.es.fl_str_mv | e1166 |
dc.format.mimetype.es.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
dc.identifier.citation.es.fl_str_mv | Clarke, R. (2023). Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations. Agrociencia Uruguay, 27,e1166. https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.27.1166 |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv | 10.31285/AGRO.27.1166 |
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv | 2730-5066 |
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/42285 |
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv | en eng |
dc.publisher.es.fl_str_mv | Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República - INIA |
dc.relation.ispartof.es.fl_str_mv | Agrociencia Uruguay. 2023;27:e1166 |
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv | Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0) |
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | reponame:COLIBRI instname:Universidad de la República instacron:Universidad de la República |
dc.subject.es.fl_str_mv | Anatolia Cáñamo Cânhamo Cannabis Hemp Regulaciones Regulamentações Regulations Turkey Turquia Turquía |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations Cultivo, procesamiento y producción de cáñamo anatolio (Cannabis sativa L.): historia y observaciones recientes Cultivo, processamento e produção de cânhamo anatoliano (Cannabis sativa L.): história e observações recentes |
dc.type.es.fl_str_mv | Artículo |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
description | Cannabis sativa L. has been grown in Anatolia since ancient times and commercial cultivation persists on a limited scale today. Valued for its durable fiber and nutritious seed, hemp was an important subsistence crop in many rural households. Throughout the Ottoman Empire hemp cordage, fabrics and oakum were maritime necessities and internationally traded commodities. During the twentieth century commercial hemp fiber and seed production levels fluctuated due to regulatory and market forces, eventually leading to a steady decline commencing in the 1980s. Hemp production in Turkey only survives today in specialized market settings, although recently production has increased. Historical data largely gleaned from Turkish language sources is presented along with personal communications and field observations. |
eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
format | article |
id | COLIBRI_3f1d3dcf26ca648281daf9a9f5dbc310 |
identifier_str_mv | Clarke, R. (2023). Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations. Agrociencia Uruguay, 27,e1166. https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.27.1166 2730-5066 10.31285/AGRO.27.1166 |
instacron_str | Universidad de la República |
institution | Universidad de la República |
instname_str | Universidad de la República |
language | eng |
language_invalid_str_mv | en |
network_acronym_str | COLIBRI |
network_name_str | COLIBRI |
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publishDate | 2023 |
reponame_str | COLIBRI |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv | mabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uy |
repository.name.fl_str_mv | COLIBRI - Universidad de la República |
repository_id_str | 4771 |
rights_invalid_str_mv | Licencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0) |
spelling | Clarke Robert, BioAgronomics Group Consultants, Los Angeles, California, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9260-09592024-01-31T16:57:52Z2024-01-31T16:57:52Z2023Clarke, R. (2023). Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations. Agrociencia Uruguay, 27,e1166. https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.27.11662730-5066https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/4228510.31285/AGRO.27.1166Cannabis sativa L. has been grown in Anatolia since ancient times and commercial cultivation persists on a limited scale today. Valued for its durable fiber and nutritious seed, hemp was an important subsistence crop in many rural households. Throughout the Ottoman Empire hemp cordage, fabrics and oakum were maritime necessities and internationally traded commodities. During the twentieth century commercial hemp fiber and seed production levels fluctuated due to regulatory and market forces, eventually leading to a steady decline commencing in the 1980s. Hemp production in Turkey only survives today in specialized market settings, although recently production has increased. Historical data largely gleaned from Turkish language sources is presented along with personal communications and field observations.La Cannabis sativa L. ha sido cultivada en Anatolia desde la antigüedad y hoy en día persiste su cultivo comercial en una escala limitada. Valorado por su fibra resistente y sus semillas nutritivas, el cáñamo fue un cultivo importante para el sustento de muchos hogares rurales. A lo largo del Imperio otomano, los cordajes de cáñamo, tejidos y estopa eran necesidades marítimas y productos comercializados a nivel internacional. Durante el siglo XX, los niveles de producción comercial de fibra y semillas de cáñamo fluctuaron debido a fuerzas regulatorias y del mercado, lo que finalmente llevó a un declive constante a partir de la década de 1980. La producción de cáñamo en Turquía solo sobrevive hoy en entornos de mercado especializados, aunque recientemente la producción ha aumentado. Se presentan datos históricos obtenidos en gran parte de fuentes en idioma turco, junto con comunicaciones personales y observaciones de campo.A Cannabis sativa L. tem sido cultivada na Anatolia desde tempos antigos e o cultivo comercial persiste atualmente em uma escala limitada. Valorizado por sua fibra durável e semente nutritiva, o cânhamo foi uma importante cultura de subsistência em muitas famílias rurais. Em todo o Império Otomano, cordas de cânhamo, tecidos e estopa eram necessidades marítimas e commodities comercializadas internacionalmente. Ao longo do século XX, os níveis de produção comercial de fibra e semente de cânhamo flutuaram devido a forças regulatórias e de mercado, levando eventualmente a um declínio constante a partir da década de 1980. A produção de cânhamo na Turquia sobrevive apenas hoje em configurações de mercado especializadas, embora recentemente a produção tenha aumentado. Dados históricos em grande parte obtidos a partir de fontes em língua turca são apresentados juntamente com comunicações pessoais e observações de campo.Submitted by Colombo Cabanas Stephanie (colombo@fagro.edu.uy) on 2024-01-30T17:44:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1166.pdf: 620457 bytes, checksum: c9c763865079e97f086d9cd81a61faa0 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Muniz Andrea (rosmeri8@hotmail.com) on 2024-01-31T16:16:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1166.pdf: 620457 bytes, checksum: c9c763865079e97f086d9cd81a61faa0 (MD5)Made available in DSpace by Seroubian Mabel (mabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uy) on 2024-01-31T16:57:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 24251 bytes, checksum: 71ed42ef0a0b648670f707320be37b90 (MD5) 2730-5066--1166.pdf: 620457 bytes, checksum: c9c763865079e97f086d9cd81a61faa0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2023e1166application/pdfenengFacultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República - INIAAgrociencia Uruguay. 2023;27:e1166Las obras depositadas en el Repositorio se rigen por la Ordenanza de los Derechos de la Propiedad Intelectual de la Universidad de la República.(Res. Nº 91 de C.D.C. de 8/III/1994 – D.O. 7/IV/1994) y por la Ordenanza del Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de la República (Res. Nº 16 de C.D.C. de 07/10/2014)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLicencia Creative Commons Atribución (CC - By 4.0)AnatoliaCáñamoCânhamoCannabisHempRegulacionesRegulamentaçõesRegulationsTurkeyTurquiaTurquíaAnatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observationsCultivo, procesamiento y producción de cáñamo anatolio (Cannabis sativa L.): historia y observaciones recientesCultivo, processamento e produção de cânhamo anatoliano (Cannabis sativa L.): história e observações recentesArtículoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionreponame:COLIBRIinstname:Universidad de la Repúblicainstacron:Universidad de la RepúblicaClarke, RobertGiménez, GustavoLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-84267http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/42285/5/license.txt6429389a7df7277b72b7924fdc7d47a9MD55CC-LICENSElicense_urllicense_urltext/plain; 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- Universidad de la Repúblicafalse |
spellingShingle | Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations Clarke, Robert Anatolia Cáñamo Cânhamo Cannabis Hemp Regulaciones Regulamentações Regulations Turkey Turquia Turquía |
status_str | publishedVersion |
title | Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations |
title_full | Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations |
title_fullStr | Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations |
title_full_unstemmed | Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations |
title_short | Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations |
title_sort | Anatolian hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation, processing, and production: history and recent observations |
topic | Anatolia Cáñamo Cânhamo Cannabis Hemp Regulaciones Regulamentações Regulations Turkey Turquia Turquía |
url | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/42285 |