Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations

Belzarena, Pablo - Ferragut, Andres - Paganini, Fernando

Resumen:

This paper studies the problem of allocating network capacity through periodic auctions. We impose the following conditions: fully distributed solutions over an arbitrary network topology, and the requirement that resources allocated in a given auction are reserved for the entire duration of the connection, not subject to future contention. Under these conditions, we study the problem of selling capacity to optimize revenue for the operator. We first study optimal revenue for a single distributed auction in a general network. Next, the periodic auctions case is considered for a single link, modelling the optimal revenue problem as a Markov decision process (MDP); we develop a sequence of receding horizon approximations to its solution. Combining the two approaches we formulate a receding horizon optimization of revenue over a general network topology, that yields a distributed implementation. The proposal is demonstrated through simulations.


Detalles Bibliográficos
2008
Bandwidth allocation
Computer networks
Convex programming
Decision theory
Markov processes
Inglés
Universidad de la República
COLIBRI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/38808
Acceso abierto
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)
_version_ 1807522936082399232
author Belzarena, Pablo
author2 Ferragut, Andres
Paganini, Fernando
author2_role author
author
author_facet Belzarena, Pablo
Ferragut, Andres
Paganini, Fernando
author_role author
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 7f2e2c17ef6585de66da58d1bfa8b5e1
9833653f73f7853880c94a6fead477b1
4afdbb8c545fd630ea7db775da747b2f
9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306
d04f159457014789bcee02d01e1f30e9
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/38808/5/license.txt
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/38808/2/license_text
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/38808/3/license_url
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/38808/4/license_rdf
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/38808/1/BFP08.pdf
collection COLIBRI
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Belzarena, Pablo
Ferragut, Andres
Paganini, Fernando
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2023-08-01T20:33:52Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2023-08-01T20:33:52Z
dc.date.issued.es.fl_str_mv 2008
dc.date.submitted.es.fl_str_mv 20230801
dc.description.abstract.none.fl_txt_mv This paper studies the problem of allocating network capacity through periodic auctions. We impose the following conditions: fully distributed solutions over an arbitrary network topology, and the requirement that resources allocated in a given auction are reserved for the entire duration of the connection, not subject to future contention. Under these conditions, we study the problem of selling capacity to optimize revenue for the operator. We first study optimal revenue for a single distributed auction in a general network. Next, the periodic auctions case is considered for a single link, modelling the optimal revenue problem as a Markov decision process (MDP); we develop a sequence of receding horizon approximations to its solution. Combining the two approaches we formulate a receding horizon optimization of revenue over a general network topology, that yields a distributed implementation. The proposal is demonstrated through simulations.
dc.identifier.citation.es.fl_str_mv Belzarena, P, Ferragut, A, Paganini, F. “Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations”. IEEE INFOCOM 2009, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2009. Doi 10.1109/INFCOM.2009.5062238
dc.identifier.doi.es.fl_str_mv Doi 10.1109/INFCOM.2009.5062238
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/38808
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv en
eng
dc.publisher.es.fl_str_mv IEEE
dc.relation.ispartof.es.fl_str_mv IEEE INFOCOM 2009, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2009
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:COLIBRI
instname:Universidad de la República
instacron:Universidad de la República
dc.subject.es.fl_str_mv Bandwidth allocation
Computer networks
Convex programming
Decision theory
Markov processes
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations
dc.type.es.fl_str_mv Ponencia
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
description This paper studies the problem of allocating network capacity through periodic auctions. We impose the following conditions: fully distributed solutions over an arbitrary network topology, and the requirement that resources allocated in a given auction are reserved for the entire duration of the connection, not subject to future contention. Under these conditions, we study the problem of selling capacity to optimize revenue for the operator. We first study optimal revenue for a single distributed auction in a general network. Next, the periodic auctions case is considered for a single link, modelling the optimal revenue problem as a Markov decision process (MDP); we develop a sequence of receding horizon approximations to its solution. Combining the two approaches we formulate a receding horizon optimization of revenue over a general network topology, that yields a distributed implementation. The proposal is demonstrated through simulations.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
format conferenceObject
id COLIBRI_2d295f3eafbeff9b7aadb5f87fe5af0c
identifier_str_mv Belzarena, P, Ferragut, A, Paganini, F. “Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations”. IEEE INFOCOM 2009, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2009. Doi 10.1109/INFCOM.2009.5062238
Doi 10.1109/INFCOM.2009.5062238
instacron_str Universidad de la República
institution Universidad de la República
instname_str Universidad de la República
language eng
language_invalid_str_mv en
network_acronym_str COLIBRI
network_name_str COLIBRI
oai_identifier_str oai:colibri.udelar.edu.uy:20.500.12008/38808
publishDate 2008
reponame_str COLIBRI
repository.mail.fl_str_mv mabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uy
repository.name.fl_str_mv COLIBRI - Universidad de la República
repository_id_str 4771
rights_invalid_str_mv Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)
spelling 2023-08-01T20:33:52Z2023-08-01T20:33:52Z200820230801Belzarena, P, Ferragut, A, Paganini, F. “Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations”. IEEE INFOCOM 2009, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2009. Doi 10.1109/INFCOM.2009.5062238https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/38808Doi 10.1109/INFCOM.2009.5062238This paper studies the problem of allocating network capacity through periodic auctions. We impose the following conditions: fully distributed solutions over an arbitrary network topology, and the requirement that resources allocated in a given auction are reserved for the entire duration of the connection, not subject to future contention. Under these conditions, we study the problem of selling capacity to optimize revenue for the operator. We first study optimal revenue for a single distributed auction in a general network. Next, the periodic auctions case is considered for a single link, modelling the optimal revenue problem as a Markov decision process (MDP); we develop a sequence of receding horizon approximations to its solution. Combining the two approaches we formulate a receding horizon optimization of revenue over a general network topology, that yields a distributed implementation. The proposal is demonstrated through simulations.Made available in DSpace on 2023-08-01T20:33:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 BFP08.pdf: 694157 bytes, checksum: d04f159457014789bcee02d01e1f30e9 (MD5) license_text: 21936 bytes, checksum: 9833653f73f7853880c94a6fead477b1 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: 4afdbb8c545fd630ea7db775da747b2f (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) license.txt: 4194 bytes, checksum: 7f2e2c17ef6585de66da58d1bfa8b5e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008enengIEEEIEEE INFOCOM 2009, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2009Las obras depositadas en el Repositorio se rigen por la Ordenanza de los Derechos de la Propiedad Intelectual de la Universidad De La República. (Res. Nº 91 de C.D.C. de 8/III/1994 – D.O. 7/IV/1994) y por la Ordenanza del Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de la República (Res. Nº 16 de C.D.C. de 07/10/2014)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLicencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)Bandwidth allocationComputer networksConvex programmingDecision theoryMarkov processesNetwork bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservationsPonenciainfo:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObjectinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionreponame:COLIBRIinstname:Universidad de la Repúblicainstacron:Universidad de la RepúblicaBelzarena, PabloFerragut, AndresPaganini, FernandoTelecomunicacionesAnálisis de Redes, Tráfico y Estadísticas de ServiciosLICENSElicense.txttext/plain4194http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/38808/5/license.txt7f2e2c17ef6585de66da58d1bfa8b5e1MD55CC-LICENSElicense_textapplication/octet-stream21936http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/38808/2/license_text9833653f73f7853880c94a6fead477b1MD52license_urlapplication/octet-stream49http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/38808/3/license_url4afdbb8c545fd630ea7db775da747b2fMD53license_rdfapplication/octet-stream23148http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/38808/4/license_rdf9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306MD54ORIGINALBFP08.pdfapplication/pdf694157http://localhost:8080/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12008/38808/1/BFP08.pdfd04f159457014789bcee02d01e1f30e9MD5120.500.12008/388082024-07-24 17:25:47.46oai:colibri.udelar.edu.uy:20.500.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://udelar.edu.uy/https://www.colibri.udelar.edu.uy/oai/requestmabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uyUruguayopendoar:47712024-07-25T14:33:32.038129COLIBRI - Universidad de la Repúblicafalse
spellingShingle Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations
Belzarena, Pablo
Bandwidth allocation
Computer networks
Convex programming
Decision theory
Markov processes
status_str publishedVersion
title Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations
title_full Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations
title_fullStr Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations
title_full_unstemmed Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations
title_short Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations
title_sort Network bandwidth allocation via distributed auctions with time reservations
topic Bandwidth allocation
Computer networks
Convex programming
Decision theory
Markov processes
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/38808