Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety

Nicolaisen Sobesky, Eliana

Supervisor(es): Gradin, Victoria - Cabana, Alvaro

Resumen:

Social interactions are severely impaired in major depression and social anxiety. Social interactions associated with fairness have been studied using the Ultimatum Game (UG). In the UG, the responder receives an offer from a proposer about how to divide a sum of money. If the responder accepts the offer, both accumulate the money. If the responder rejects the offer, both accumulates nothing. The UG is comprised by fair (the responder is offered between 40-50% of the total amount of the offer), medium (the responder is offered between 27-33%) and unfair offers (the responder is offered between 18-23%). Previous studies have reported that at least two event-related potentials (ERPs) are modulated by fairness during the UG: the Medial Frontal Negativity (MFN) and the Late Positive Potential/P300 (LPP/P300). To our knowledge, there are no studies analysing ERPs in the UG in major depression and/or social anxiety. We aimed to study the MFN, the LPP/P300, the behavior and the emotions experienced during the UG in healthy volunteers (Control group, n = 72) and volunteers with symptoms of major depression and/or social anxiety (MD/SA group, n = 63). As expected, we found that the rejection of offers increased as the unfairness increased. Also, the medium offers were associated with longer reaction times than unfair offers, and in turn unfair offers were associated with longer reaction times than fair offers. In addition, participants reported less positive emotions and more negative emotions as the unfairness increased. Interestingly, in comparison with the Control group, the MD/SA group reported feeling more sadness in all offers, and specially in medium and unfair offers. The MFN was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in medium and unfair offers than in fair offers. This component would be modulated by the negative emotional/motivational impact caused by unfairness. Another plausible interpretation is that the volunteers would expect fair offers during the task, and that the unexpected medium and unfair offers would be associated with error predictions that would evoke the MFN. Interestingly, our results showed a borderline main effect of group in the MFN, suggesting that this component was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group, across all offers. This effect would be associated with enhanced negative emotions experienced during all levels of fairness during the UG in the MD/SA group, in comparison to controls. In addition, the LPP/P300 was associated with more positive mean amplitudes in fair offers in comparison with unfair offers, and with more positive mean amplitudes in unfair offers in comparison with medium offers. This result would indicate that fair offers would be associated with more arousal than unfair and medium offers, and that in turn unfair offers would be associated with more arousal than medium offers. An alternative interpretation is that the LPP/P300 would be modulated by the conflict associated with the decision-making of each level of fairness. In this line, the LPP/P300 would be more positive in fair, less conflictive offers in comparison with unfair and medium offers. In turn, this component would be more positive in unfair offers in comparison with medium offers, given that the medium offers are the most conflicting. Of note, the LPP/P300 was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group across all offers. This result could be related to less arousal and/or motivation in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group. Alternatively, this effect could be related to less attentional resources available to allocate to the task in the MD/SA group in comparison with controls. The lack of attentional resources in the MD/SA group could be due to the activation of other cognitive processes, such as rumination, which would compete for the cognitive resources available. Another interpretation is that this effect could be related to higher levels of conflict experienced during all offers by the MD/SA group. We aim to contribute to the understanding of social functioning and the neural basis associated with these processes in major depression and social anxiety.


Las interacciones sociales se encuentran severamente afectadas en la depresión mayor y en la ansiedad social. Ciertos procesos relacionados a interacciones sociales justas e injustas se han estudiado utilizando el Ultimatum Game (UG). Durante el UG, el responder recibe ofertas de un proposer acerca de cómo dividir una cantidad de dinero. Si el responder acepta la oferta, ambos acumulan el dinero. Si el responder rechaza la oferta, ninguno acumulan nada. Durante el UG hay ofertas justas (al responder le ofrecen entre el 40-50% del total), medias (le ofrecen 27-33%) e injustas (le ofrecen 18-23%). Se ha reportado que al menos dos potenciales relacionados a eventos (ERPs, por la sigla en inglés para Event-Related Potentials) son modulados por la justicia durante el UG: el Medial Frontal Negativity (MFN) y el Late Positive Potential/P300 (LPP/P300). A nuestro conocimiento, no hay estudios que analicen ERPs durante el UG en depresión mayor y/o ansiedad social. Este proyecto tuvo como objetivo estudiar el MFN, el LPP/P300, el comportamiento y las emociones experimentadas durante el UG en personas sin historia de trastornos mentales (grupo Control, n = 72) y personas con síntomas de depresión mayor y/o ansiedad social (grupo MD/SA, n = 63). Como era esperado, la tasa de rechazo aumentó a medida que aumentaba la injusticia. Además, los tiempos de reacción fueron mayores en las ofertas medias en comparación a las injustas, y mayores en las ofertas injustas en comparación a las justas. Asimismo, los participantes reportaron más emociones negativas y menos emociones positivas a medida que aumentaba la injusticia. Cabe señalar que el grupo MD/SA reportó mayores niveles de tristeza en todas las ofertas, y especialmente en las ofertas medias e injustas. Además, el MFN se asoció a una amplitud media más negativa en las ofertas medias e injustas en comparación a las justas, lo que reflejaría el impacto emocional/motivacional negativo causado por la injusticia. Otra explicación posible es que los voluntarios esperarían recibir ofertas justas durante el UG, y que las ofertas medias e injustas inesperadas se asociarían a un error de predicción que modularía el MFN. Cabe destacar que se encontró una tendencia en el efecto principal de grupo en el MFN, sugiriendo que, en todas las ofertas, el MFN estaría asociado a una amplitud media más negativa en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Este efecto estaría relacionado con emociones negativas acentuadas durante todas las ofertas en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Asimismo, el LPP/P300 se asoció a una amplitud media más positiva durante ofertas justas en comparación a injustas, y con una amplitud media más positiva durante ofertas injustas en comparación a medias. Este resultado indicaría que las ofertas justas se asociarían con mayores niveles de arousal en comparación a las ofertas injustas y medias, y que las ofertas injustas se asociarían a mayores niveles de arousal que las ofertas medias. Una explicación alternativa es que el LPP/P300 sería modulado por el nivel de conflicto en la toma de decisiones. En este sentido, el LPP/P300 aparecería más positivo en las ofertas justas, que son las menos conflictivas, en comparación a ofertas injustas y medias. A su vez, el LPP/P300 se asociaría a amplitudes medias más negativas en las ofertas medias, dado que son las más conflictivas, en comparación a justas e injustas. Cabe resaltar que el LPP/P300 se asoció con una amplitud media más negativa en el grupo MD/SA que en el grupo Control en todas las ofertas. Este resultado podría estar asociado a menores niveles de arousal y/o motivación en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Alernativamente, este efecto podría estar asociado a menores recursos atencionales disponibles para asignar a la tarea en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Esto podría deberse a la actividad de otros procesos cognitivos que consumirían recursos cognitivos, como por ejemplo, rumia. Otra interpretación es que este efecto podría deberse a mayores niveles de conflicto experimentado en todas las ofertas en el grupo MD/SA. Esperamos contribuir al entendimiento del funcionamiento social y de las bases neurales asociadas a estos procesos en la depresión mayor y la ansiedad social.


Detalles Bibliográficos
2019
COMPORTAMIENTO SOCIAL
EMOCIONES
DEPRESION
ANSIEDAD
Inglés
Universidad de la República
COLIBRI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/23916
Acceso abierto
Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)
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author Nicolaisen Sobesky, Eliana
author_facet Nicolaisen Sobesky, Eliana
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dc.contributor.filiacion.none.fl_str_mv Nicolaisen Sobesky Eliana
dc.creator.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Gradin, Victoria
Cabana, Alvaro
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Nicolaisen Sobesky, Eliana
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2020-05-12T23:03:17Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2020-05-12T23:03:17Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2019
dc.description.abstract.none.fl_txt_mv Social interactions are severely impaired in major depression and social anxiety. Social interactions associated with fairness have been studied using the Ultimatum Game (UG). In the UG, the responder receives an offer from a proposer about how to divide a sum of money. If the responder accepts the offer, both accumulate the money. If the responder rejects the offer, both accumulates nothing. The UG is comprised by fair (the responder is offered between 40-50% of the total amount of the offer), medium (the responder is offered between 27-33%) and unfair offers (the responder is offered between 18-23%). Previous studies have reported that at least two event-related potentials (ERPs) are modulated by fairness during the UG: the Medial Frontal Negativity (MFN) and the Late Positive Potential/P300 (LPP/P300). To our knowledge, there are no studies analysing ERPs in the UG in major depression and/or social anxiety. We aimed to study the MFN, the LPP/P300, the behavior and the emotions experienced during the UG in healthy volunteers (Control group, n = 72) and volunteers with symptoms of major depression and/or social anxiety (MD/SA group, n = 63). As expected, we found that the rejection of offers increased as the unfairness increased. Also, the medium offers were associated with longer reaction times than unfair offers, and in turn unfair offers were associated with longer reaction times than fair offers. In addition, participants reported less positive emotions and more negative emotions as the unfairness increased. Interestingly, in comparison with the Control group, the MD/SA group reported feeling more sadness in all offers, and specially in medium and unfair offers. The MFN was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in medium and unfair offers than in fair offers. This component would be modulated by the negative emotional/motivational impact caused by unfairness. Another plausible interpretation is that the volunteers would expect fair offers during the task, and that the unexpected medium and unfair offers would be associated with error predictions that would evoke the MFN. Interestingly, our results showed a borderline main effect of group in the MFN, suggesting that this component was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group, across all offers. This effect would be associated with enhanced negative emotions experienced during all levels of fairness during the UG in the MD/SA group, in comparison to controls. In addition, the LPP/P300 was associated with more positive mean amplitudes in fair offers in comparison with unfair offers, and with more positive mean amplitudes in unfair offers in comparison with medium offers. This result would indicate that fair offers would be associated with more arousal than unfair and medium offers, and that in turn unfair offers would be associated with more arousal than medium offers. An alternative interpretation is that the LPP/P300 would be modulated by the conflict associated with the decision-making of each level of fairness. In this line, the LPP/P300 would be more positive in fair, less conflictive offers in comparison with unfair and medium offers. In turn, this component would be more positive in unfair offers in comparison with medium offers, given that the medium offers are the most conflicting. Of note, the LPP/P300 was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group across all offers. This result could be related to less arousal and/or motivation in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group. Alternatively, this effect could be related to less attentional resources available to allocate to the task in the MD/SA group in comparison with controls. The lack of attentional resources in the MD/SA group could be due to the activation of other cognitive processes, such as rumination, which would compete for the cognitive resources available. Another interpretation is that this effect could be related to higher levels of conflict experienced during all offers by the MD/SA group. We aim to contribute to the understanding of social functioning and the neural basis associated with these processes in major depression and social anxiety.
Las interacciones sociales se encuentran severamente afectadas en la depresión mayor y en la ansiedad social. Ciertos procesos relacionados a interacciones sociales justas e injustas se han estudiado utilizando el Ultimatum Game (UG). Durante el UG, el responder recibe ofertas de un proposer acerca de cómo dividir una cantidad de dinero. Si el responder acepta la oferta, ambos acumulan el dinero. Si el responder rechaza la oferta, ninguno acumulan nada. Durante el UG hay ofertas justas (al responder le ofrecen entre el 40-50% del total), medias (le ofrecen 27-33%) e injustas (le ofrecen 18-23%). Se ha reportado que al menos dos potenciales relacionados a eventos (ERPs, por la sigla en inglés para Event-Related Potentials) son modulados por la justicia durante el UG: el Medial Frontal Negativity (MFN) y el Late Positive Potential/P300 (LPP/P300). A nuestro conocimiento, no hay estudios que analicen ERPs durante el UG en depresión mayor y/o ansiedad social. Este proyecto tuvo como objetivo estudiar el MFN, el LPP/P300, el comportamiento y las emociones experimentadas durante el UG en personas sin historia de trastornos mentales (grupo Control, n = 72) y personas con síntomas de depresión mayor y/o ansiedad social (grupo MD/SA, n = 63). Como era esperado, la tasa de rechazo aumentó a medida que aumentaba la injusticia. Además, los tiempos de reacción fueron mayores en las ofertas medias en comparación a las injustas, y mayores en las ofertas injustas en comparación a las justas. Asimismo, los participantes reportaron más emociones negativas y menos emociones positivas a medida que aumentaba la injusticia. Cabe señalar que el grupo MD/SA reportó mayores niveles de tristeza en todas las ofertas, y especialmente en las ofertas medias e injustas. Además, el MFN se asoció a una amplitud media más negativa en las ofertas medias e injustas en comparación a las justas, lo que reflejaría el impacto emocional/motivacional negativo causado por la injusticia. Otra explicación posible es que los voluntarios esperarían recibir ofertas justas durante el UG, y que las ofertas medias e injustas inesperadas se asociarían a un error de predicción que modularía el MFN. Cabe destacar que se encontró una tendencia en el efecto principal de grupo en el MFN, sugiriendo que, en todas las ofertas, el MFN estaría asociado a una amplitud media más negativa en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Este efecto estaría relacionado con emociones negativas acentuadas durante todas las ofertas en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Asimismo, el LPP/P300 se asoció a una amplitud media más positiva durante ofertas justas en comparación a injustas, y con una amplitud media más positiva durante ofertas injustas en comparación a medias. Este resultado indicaría que las ofertas justas se asociarían con mayores niveles de arousal en comparación a las ofertas injustas y medias, y que las ofertas injustas se asociarían a mayores niveles de arousal que las ofertas medias. Una explicación alternativa es que el LPP/P300 sería modulado por el nivel de conflicto en la toma de decisiones. En este sentido, el LPP/P300 aparecería más positivo en las ofertas justas, que son las menos conflictivas, en comparación a ofertas injustas y medias. A su vez, el LPP/P300 se asociaría a amplitudes medias más negativas en las ofertas medias, dado que son las más conflictivas, en comparación a justas e injustas. Cabe resaltar que el LPP/P300 se asoció con una amplitud media más negativa en el grupo MD/SA que en el grupo Control en todas las ofertas. Este resultado podría estar asociado a menores niveles de arousal y/o motivación en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Alernativamente, este efecto podría estar asociado a menores recursos atencionales disponibles para asignar a la tarea en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Esto podría deberse a la actividad de otros procesos cognitivos que consumirían recursos cognitivos, como por ejemplo, rumia. Otra interpretación es que este efecto podría deberse a mayores niveles de conflicto experimentado en todas las ofertas en el grupo MD/SA. Esperamos contribuir al entendimiento del funcionamiento social y de las bases neurales asociadas a estos procesos en la depresión mayor y la ansiedad social.
dc.format.extent.es.fl_str_mv 138 p.
dc.format.mimetype.es.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.identifier.citation.es.fl_str_mv Nicolaisen Sobesky, E. Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety [en línea] Tesis de maestría. Montevideo : Udelar.FC.FI.FP, 2019.
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/23916
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv en
eng
dc.publisher.es.fl_str_mv Udelar.FC.FI.FP
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:COLIBRI
instname:Universidad de la República
instacron:Universidad de la República
dc.subject.other.es.fl_str_mv COMPORTAMIENTO SOCIAL
EMOCIONES
DEPRESION
ANSIEDAD
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety
dc.type.es.fl_str_mv Tesis de maestría
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
description Social interactions are severely impaired in major depression and social anxiety. Social interactions associated with fairness have been studied using the Ultimatum Game (UG). In the UG, the responder receives an offer from a proposer about how to divide a sum of money. If the responder accepts the offer, both accumulate the money. If the responder rejects the offer, both accumulates nothing. The UG is comprised by fair (the responder is offered between 40-50% of the total amount of the offer), medium (the responder is offered between 27-33%) and unfair offers (the responder is offered between 18-23%). Previous studies have reported that at least two event-related potentials (ERPs) are modulated by fairness during the UG: the Medial Frontal Negativity (MFN) and the Late Positive Potential/P300 (LPP/P300). To our knowledge, there are no studies analysing ERPs in the UG in major depression and/or social anxiety. We aimed to study the MFN, the LPP/P300, the behavior and the emotions experienced during the UG in healthy volunteers (Control group, n = 72) and volunteers with symptoms of major depression and/or social anxiety (MD/SA group, n = 63). As expected, we found that the rejection of offers increased as the unfairness increased. Also, the medium offers were associated with longer reaction times than unfair offers, and in turn unfair offers were associated with longer reaction times than fair offers. In addition, participants reported less positive emotions and more negative emotions as the unfairness increased. Interestingly, in comparison with the Control group, the MD/SA group reported feeling more sadness in all offers, and specially in medium and unfair offers. The MFN was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in medium and unfair offers than in fair offers. This component would be modulated by the negative emotional/motivational impact caused by unfairness. Another plausible interpretation is that the volunteers would expect fair offers during the task, and that the unexpected medium and unfair offers would be associated with error predictions that would evoke the MFN. Interestingly, our results showed a borderline main effect of group in the MFN, suggesting that this component was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group, across all offers. This effect would be associated with enhanced negative emotions experienced during all levels of fairness during the UG in the MD/SA group, in comparison to controls. In addition, the LPP/P300 was associated with more positive mean amplitudes in fair offers in comparison with unfair offers, and with more positive mean amplitudes in unfair offers in comparison with medium offers. This result would indicate that fair offers would be associated with more arousal than unfair and medium offers, and that in turn unfair offers would be associated with more arousal than medium offers. An alternative interpretation is that the LPP/P300 would be modulated by the conflict associated with the decision-making of each level of fairness. In this line, the LPP/P300 would be more positive in fair, less conflictive offers in comparison with unfair and medium offers. In turn, this component would be more positive in unfair offers in comparison with medium offers, given that the medium offers are the most conflicting. Of note, the LPP/P300 was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group across all offers. This result could be related to less arousal and/or motivation in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group. Alternatively, this effect could be related to less attentional resources available to allocate to the task in the MD/SA group in comparison with controls. The lack of attentional resources in the MD/SA group could be due to the activation of other cognitive processes, such as rumination, which would compete for the cognitive resources available. Another interpretation is that this effect could be related to higher levels of conflict experienced during all offers by the MD/SA group. We aim to contribute to the understanding of social functioning and the neural basis associated with these processes in major depression and social anxiety.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
format masterThesis
id COLIBRI_0882a23b3ae3a7e408197bb28ae53006
identifier_str_mv Nicolaisen Sobesky, E. Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety [en línea] Tesis de maestría. Montevideo : Udelar.FC.FI.FP, 2019.
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rights_invalid_str_mv Licencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)
spelling Nicolaisen Sobesky Eliana2020-05-12T23:03:17Z2020-05-12T23:03:17Z2019Nicolaisen Sobesky, E. Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety [en línea] Tesis de maestría. Montevideo : Udelar.FC.FI.FP, 2019.https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/23916Social interactions are severely impaired in major depression and social anxiety. Social interactions associated with fairness have been studied using the Ultimatum Game (UG). In the UG, the responder receives an offer from a proposer about how to divide a sum of money. If the responder accepts the offer, both accumulate the money. If the responder rejects the offer, both accumulates nothing. The UG is comprised by fair (the responder is offered between 40-50% of the total amount of the offer), medium (the responder is offered between 27-33%) and unfair offers (the responder is offered between 18-23%). Previous studies have reported that at least two event-related potentials (ERPs) are modulated by fairness during the UG: the Medial Frontal Negativity (MFN) and the Late Positive Potential/P300 (LPP/P300). To our knowledge, there are no studies analysing ERPs in the UG in major depression and/or social anxiety. We aimed to study the MFN, the LPP/P300, the behavior and the emotions experienced during the UG in healthy volunteers (Control group, n = 72) and volunteers with symptoms of major depression and/or social anxiety (MD/SA group, n = 63). As expected, we found that the rejection of offers increased as the unfairness increased. Also, the medium offers were associated with longer reaction times than unfair offers, and in turn unfair offers were associated with longer reaction times than fair offers. In addition, participants reported less positive emotions and more negative emotions as the unfairness increased. Interestingly, in comparison with the Control group, the MD/SA group reported feeling more sadness in all offers, and specially in medium and unfair offers. The MFN was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in medium and unfair offers than in fair offers. This component would be modulated by the negative emotional/motivational impact caused by unfairness. Another plausible interpretation is that the volunteers would expect fair offers during the task, and that the unexpected medium and unfair offers would be associated with error predictions that would evoke the MFN. Interestingly, our results showed a borderline main effect of group in the MFN, suggesting that this component was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group, across all offers. This effect would be associated with enhanced negative emotions experienced during all levels of fairness during the UG in the MD/SA group, in comparison to controls. In addition, the LPP/P300 was associated with more positive mean amplitudes in fair offers in comparison with unfair offers, and with more positive mean amplitudes in unfair offers in comparison with medium offers. This result would indicate that fair offers would be associated with more arousal than unfair and medium offers, and that in turn unfair offers would be associated with more arousal than medium offers. An alternative interpretation is that the LPP/P300 would be modulated by the conflict associated with the decision-making of each level of fairness. In this line, the LPP/P300 would be more positive in fair, less conflictive offers in comparison with unfair and medium offers. In turn, this component would be more positive in unfair offers in comparison with medium offers, given that the medium offers are the most conflicting. Of note, the LPP/P300 was associated with more negative mean amplitudes in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group across all offers. This result could be related to less arousal and/or motivation in the MD/SA group in comparison with the Control group. Alternatively, this effect could be related to less attentional resources available to allocate to the task in the MD/SA group in comparison with controls. The lack of attentional resources in the MD/SA group could be due to the activation of other cognitive processes, such as rumination, which would compete for the cognitive resources available. Another interpretation is that this effect could be related to higher levels of conflict experienced during all offers by the MD/SA group. We aim to contribute to the understanding of social functioning and the neural basis associated with these processes in major depression and social anxiety.Las interacciones sociales se encuentran severamente afectadas en la depresión mayor y en la ansiedad social. Ciertos procesos relacionados a interacciones sociales justas e injustas se han estudiado utilizando el Ultimatum Game (UG). Durante el UG, el responder recibe ofertas de un proposer acerca de cómo dividir una cantidad de dinero. Si el responder acepta la oferta, ambos acumulan el dinero. Si el responder rechaza la oferta, ninguno acumulan nada. Durante el UG hay ofertas justas (al responder le ofrecen entre el 40-50% del total), medias (le ofrecen 27-33%) e injustas (le ofrecen 18-23%). Se ha reportado que al menos dos potenciales relacionados a eventos (ERPs, por la sigla en inglés para Event-Related Potentials) son modulados por la justicia durante el UG: el Medial Frontal Negativity (MFN) y el Late Positive Potential/P300 (LPP/P300). A nuestro conocimiento, no hay estudios que analicen ERPs durante el UG en depresión mayor y/o ansiedad social. Este proyecto tuvo como objetivo estudiar el MFN, el LPP/P300, el comportamiento y las emociones experimentadas durante el UG en personas sin historia de trastornos mentales (grupo Control, n = 72) y personas con síntomas de depresión mayor y/o ansiedad social (grupo MD/SA, n = 63). Como era esperado, la tasa de rechazo aumentó a medida que aumentaba la injusticia. Además, los tiempos de reacción fueron mayores en las ofertas medias en comparación a las injustas, y mayores en las ofertas injustas en comparación a las justas. Asimismo, los participantes reportaron más emociones negativas y menos emociones positivas a medida que aumentaba la injusticia. Cabe señalar que el grupo MD/SA reportó mayores niveles de tristeza en todas las ofertas, y especialmente en las ofertas medias e injustas. Además, el MFN se asoció a una amplitud media más negativa en las ofertas medias e injustas en comparación a las justas, lo que reflejaría el impacto emocional/motivacional negativo causado por la injusticia. Otra explicación posible es que los voluntarios esperarían recibir ofertas justas durante el UG, y que las ofertas medias e injustas inesperadas se asociarían a un error de predicción que modularía el MFN. Cabe destacar que se encontró una tendencia en el efecto principal de grupo en el MFN, sugiriendo que, en todas las ofertas, el MFN estaría asociado a una amplitud media más negativa en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Este efecto estaría relacionado con emociones negativas acentuadas durante todas las ofertas en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Asimismo, el LPP/P300 se asoció a una amplitud media más positiva durante ofertas justas en comparación a injustas, y con una amplitud media más positiva durante ofertas injustas en comparación a medias. Este resultado indicaría que las ofertas justas se asociarían con mayores niveles de arousal en comparación a las ofertas injustas y medias, y que las ofertas injustas se asociarían a mayores niveles de arousal que las ofertas medias. Una explicación alternativa es que el LPP/P300 sería modulado por el nivel de conflicto en la toma de decisiones. En este sentido, el LPP/P300 aparecería más positivo en las ofertas justas, que son las menos conflictivas, en comparación a ofertas injustas y medias. A su vez, el LPP/P300 se asociaría a amplitudes medias más negativas en las ofertas medias, dado que son las más conflictivas, en comparación a justas e injustas. Cabe resaltar que el LPP/P300 se asoció con una amplitud media más negativa en el grupo MD/SA que en el grupo Control en todas las ofertas. Este resultado podría estar asociado a menores niveles de arousal y/o motivación en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Alernativamente, este efecto podría estar asociado a menores recursos atencionales disponibles para asignar a la tarea en el grupo MD/SA en comparación al grupo Control. Esto podría deberse a la actividad de otros procesos cognitivos que consumirían recursos cognitivos, como por ejemplo, rumia. Otra interpretación es que este efecto podría deberse a mayores niveles de conflicto experimentado en todas las ofertas en el grupo MD/SA. Esperamos contribuir al entendimiento del funcionamiento social y de las bases neurales asociadas a estos procesos en la depresión mayor y la ansiedad social.Submitted by Seroubian Mabel (mabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uy) on 2020-05-12T22:58:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23149 bytes, checksum: 1996b8461bc290aef6a27d78c67b6b52 (MD5) Nic19.pdf: 2638153 bytes, checksum: 235c162f239c2e41e605307d70248137 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Seroubian Mabel (mabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uy) on 2020-05-12T23:03:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23149 bytes, checksum: 1996b8461bc290aef6a27d78c67b6b52 (MD5) Nic19.pdf: 2638153 bytes, checksum: 235c162f239c2e41e605307d70248137 (MD5)Made available in DSpace by Seroubian Mabel (mabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uy) on 2020-05-12T23:03:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23149 bytes, checksum: 1996b8461bc290aef6a27d78c67b6b52 (MD5) Nic19.pdf: 2638153 bytes, checksum: 235c162f239c2e41e605307d70248137 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020138 p.application/pdfenengUdelar.FC.FI.FPLas obras depositadas en el Repositorio se rigen por la Ordenanza de los Derechos de la Propiedad Intelectual de la Universidad de la República.(Res. Nº 91 de C.D.C. de 8/III/1994 – D.O. 7/IV/1994) y por la Ordenanza del Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de la República (Res. Nº 16 de C.D.C. de 07/10/2014)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLicencia Creative Commons Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas (CC - By-NC-ND 4.0)COMPORTAMIENTO SOCIALEMOCIONESDEPRESIONANSIEDADElectroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxietyTesis de maestríainfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionreponame:COLIBRIinstname:Universidad de la Repúblicainstacron:Universidad de la RepúblicaNicolaisen Sobesky, ElianaGradin, VictoriaCabana, AlvaroUniversidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de la República (Uruguay). 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Universidadhttps://udelar.edu.uy/https://www.colibri.udelar.edu.uy/oai/requestmabel.seroubian@seciu.edu.uyUruguayopendoar:47712024-07-25T14:30:10.892878COLIBRI - Universidad de la Repúblicafalse
spellingShingle Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety
Nicolaisen Sobesky, Eliana
COMPORTAMIENTO SOCIAL
EMOCIONES
DEPRESION
ANSIEDAD
status_str acceptedVersion
title Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety
title_full Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety
title_fullStr Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety
title_full_unstemmed Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety
title_short Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety
title_sort Electroencephalographic event-related potentials during social interactions in people with symptoms of major depression and social anxiety
topic COMPORTAMIENTO SOCIAL
EMOCIONES
DEPRESION
ANSIEDAD
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/23916